Structural and functional studies of ubiquitin kinases

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Living organisms and their constituent cells must respond to environmental cues to adapt and survive. Whereas responses are mostly mediated by slow changes in protein levels through genes, rapid changes can be achieved by chemically modifying proteins in order to modulate their roles in the cell. These post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential to all forms of life on Earth and come in different flavours. Two of the most common are: 1) phosphorylation, carried out by protein kinases, and 2) ubiquitination, carried out by ubiquitin ligases. Recently, my laboratory and others discovered that the molecule