Characterizing, Understanding and Exploiting lipid-lipid interactions

表征、理解和利用脂质-脂质相互作用

• 批准号: 105958-2013
• 负责人: Lafleur, Michel
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=593263
• 关键词: Characterizing; Understanding; Exploiting; lipid; interactions

Lipids are amphiphilic molecules that play a pivotal role in several biological processes and possess a great potential for the fabrication of nanocarriers. Our research program aims at gaining a better understanding and control of the structures and functions of lipid self-assemblies, investigating 3 specific systems. First, some peptides and proteins can induce lipid efflux from cell membranes, a phenomenon that plays a critical role in sperm maturation and in cholesterol transport. Despite their prime importance, we lack an underlying molecular description of the mechanism of these lipid extractions. We will characterize peptide- or protein-induced lipid extraction of some key systems with an overall approach, from the lipid/protein-peptide association to the resulting mixed complexes. We will particularly examine the chemical and physical features dictating the extraction of specific lipids. Second, the lipids of the stratum corneum (the top layer of the epidermis) are largely responsible for skin impermeability, a property that is proposed to be linked to the unusual crystalline phase they form. We will examine the molecular origin of the formation of solid phases, characterizing the phase behavior of different model mixtures and determine the correlation between the crystalline phases and the impermeability of the SC lipid models. The resulting improved knowledge will contribute to maintaining a healthy skin barrier, and potentially to altering the barrier for transdermal drug delivery. Third, my group is developing a novel family of liposomes formed with a monoalkylated amphiphile and a sterol. These liposomes display some distinct properties including a very low permeability. We propose to push further the development of these novel nanovectors by creating non phospholipid liposomes with specific properties: e.g. stealth liposomes that have an interesting potential for intravenous drug delivery, liposomes with alkylated sugar group to create new nanocarriers with a potential for targeted drug delivery, and light-sensitive liposomes. We believe that the combination of the exceptional impermeability and controlled release response grants an interesting potential for these non phospholipid cholesterol-rich liposomes.

脂类是一种两亲性分子，在多种生物过程中发挥着关键作用，在制备纳米载体方面具有巨大的潜力。我们的研究项目旨在更好地了解和控制脂质自组装的结构和功能，研究3个具体的系统。首先，一些多肽和蛋白质可以诱导脂质从细胞膜外流，这一现象在精子成熟和胆固醇运输中起着关键作用。尽管它们至关重要，但我们缺乏对这些脂类提取机制的潜在分子描述。我们将从脂类/蛋白质-肽的结合到最终的混合络合物，用一个整体的方法来表征一些关键系统中由肽或蛋白质诱导的脂类提取。我们将特别研究决定提取特定脂类的化学和物理特征。其次，角质层(表皮的顶层)的脂类是皮肤不通透性的主要原因，这一特性被认为与它们形成的不寻常的晶相有关。我们将研究固相形成的分子起源，表征不同模型混合物的相行为，并确定晶相与SC脂质模型的不透性之间的相关性。由此产生的改进的知识将有助于维持健康的皮肤屏障，并有可能改变经皮给药的屏障。第三，我的团队正在开发一种新的脂质体家族，它由一种单烷基两亲性和一种甾醇组成。这些脂质体表现出一些独特的性质，包括非常低的渗透性。我们建议通过创造具有特殊性质的非磷脂脂质体来进一步推动这些新型纳米载体的开发：例如，具有有趣的静脉给药潜力的隐形脂质体，具有烷基糖基的脂质体，以创造具有靶向给药潜力的新的纳米载体，以及光敏脂质体。我们相信，特殊的不透性和可控释放反应的结合为这些富含磷脂胆固醇的脂质体提供了一个有趣的潜力。