Bioinformatics Tools for Genomics and Proteomics Research

用于基因组学和蛋白质组学研究的生物信息学工具

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06451
• 负责人: Ilie, Lucian
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614161
• 关键词: Bioinformatics; Tools; Genomics; Proteomics; Research

The genome of an organism consists of the complete set of its DNA. Genomics concerns the understanding of the genome sequence and functions. DNA encodes the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all organisms, including the production of proteins. Proteomics studies the structure and functions of all proteins. Proteins usually perform their functions by interacting with other proteins. The possibility of obtaining the sequence of the human genome opened unprecedented possibilities for cancer research, genetic disorders, disease control, personalized medicine, etc. Sequencing technologies enable sequencing of genomes at ever decreasing costs but processing and analyzing huge amounts of data is made possible by continuously evolving algorithms and software programs. The ongoing main objective of my research program is the development of advanced algorithms and tools critical in analyzing such big data to uncover essential aspects of the structure and function of DNA and proteins. Short term objectives include improvements in error correction of DNA sequencing data, genome and metagenome assembly, genomic variation detection, whole genome tiling, protein-protein interaction (PPI) prediction, and alignment of PPI networks. These bioinformatics tools will impact many applications in biological and health sciences by enabling and accelerating the discovery process in these areas, helping to improve the health of Canadians. Original and innovative ideas used for building such tools will help advancing the knowledge in several areas of Computer Science as well. The research objectives proposed involve effective HQP training in an interdisciplinary and collaborative environment.

生物体的基因组由其完整的DNA组成。基因组学关注对基因组序列和功能的理解。DNA编码所有生物体发育和功能的遗传指令，包括蛋白质的产生。蛋白质组学研究所有蛋白质的结构和功能。蛋白质通常通过与其他蛋白质相互作用来发挥其功能。 获得人类基因组序列的可能性为癌症研究、遗传疾病、疾病控制、个性化医疗等开辟了前所未有的可能性。测序技术使基因组测序的成本不断降低，但通过不断发展的算法和软件程序，处理和分析大量数据成为可能。我的研究计划的持续主要目标是开发先进的算法和工具，这些算法和工具对于分析这些大数据至关重要，以揭示DNA和蛋白质的结构和功能的基本方面。短期目标包括改进DNA测序数据的纠错、基因组和宏基因组组装、基因组变异检测、全基因组拼接、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）预测和PPI网络的比对。 这些生物信息学工具将影响生物和健康科学的许多应用，通过启用和加速这些领域的发现过程，帮助改善加拿大人的健康。用于构建此类工具的原创和创新思想也将有助于推进计算机科学多个领域的知识。 提出的研究目标涉及在跨学科和协作环境中进行有效的HQP培训。