Source Partitioning of Metal Contaminants Using Stable Isotope Fractionation

使用稳定同位素分馏对金属污染物进行来源划分

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04186
• 负责人: Evans, Robert
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Trent University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614898
• 关键词: Source; Partitioning; Metal; Contaminants; Using

The focus of my research program is the development of tools that can be used in the management of environments contaminated by inorganic substances such as cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg). Contaminated environments, particularly highly contaminated sites, tend to be complex, often resulting from multiple sources of emission. Because it isn’t realistic or possible to eliminate all sources of potentially toxic metals, determining the relative contributions of various sources is necessary. This approach is called source partitioning and it is central to my research program. My goal is to use the stable isotope ratios of these metals to determine the relative contributions of the metals from multiple sources to a specific end receptor. Ideally the end receptor is a sentinel organism that integrates the various contamination sources and processes. Our primary test site for the next five years will be the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), which is one of the most contaminated sites on earth. There are three primary sources of metals to the PRE: effluents from e-waste processing, industrial sewage release and atmospheric deposition of materials primarily from coal combustion. Our initial work in the PRE consists of measuring variations in Cd, Zn, Cu and Ni isotope ratios in oysters (Crassostrea hongkongensis) from ten stations in the delta. At the same time we will collect samples for isotope analysis from the most likely sources of metals to the delta. With these data we can begin to examine the feasibility of source partitioning in this complex environment. The direct impact of this research will be the potential to reduce metal pollution to one of the earth's most contaminated environments by applying mitigation to the most important sources. In addition, the outcomes of this work will provide a significant improvement in our theoretical framework for metal contaminant source partitioning generally. Also this work will add to our technical ability to make valid measurements of metal isotope ratios in a variety of environmental media, which remains a challenge currently. Finally, my research will allow Canada to take a leading role in this emerging area and contribute on the international stage to mitigation of some of the most contaminated sites in the world.

我研究项目的重点是开发可用于管理受镉（Cd）、锌（Zn）和汞（Hg）等无机物质污染的环境的工具。受污染的环境，特别是高度污染的场地，往往是复杂的，往往是由多种排放源造成的。由于消除潜在有毒金属的所有来源是不现实或不可能的，因此有必要确定各种来源的相对贡献。这种方法被称为源分区，它是我的研究计划的核心。 我的目标是使用这些金属的稳定同位素比率来确定来自多个来源的金属对特定末端受体的相对贡献。理想情况下，末端受体是整合各种污染源和过程的哨兵生物。 未来五年，我们的主要测试地点将是珠江口，这是地球上污染最严重的地点之一。PRE的金属主要有三个来源：电子废物处理的废水，工业污水排放和主要来自煤炭燃烧的材料的大气沉积。我们的初步工作包括在三角洲的10个站的牡蛎（Crassostrea hongkongensis）的Cd，Zn，Cu和Ni同位素比值的变化测量。与此同时，我们将从三角洲最有可能的金属来源收集样品进行同位素分析。有了这些数据，我们就可以开始检查在这种复杂环境中进行源分区的可行性。 这项研究的直接影响将是通过对最重要的来源进行缓解，减少地球上污染最严重的环境之一的金属污染。此外，这项工作的成果将提供一个显着的改进，我们的理论框架，一般的金属污染物源分区。此外，这项工作将增加我们的技术能力，使有效的测量金属同位素比率在各种环境介质中，这仍然是一个挑战，目前。最后，我的研究将使加拿大在这一新兴领域发挥主导作用，并在国际舞台上为缓解世界上一些污染最严重的场地做出贡献。