Carbon Fluxes and Ocean Acidification in Canadian Shelf Seas bordering the North Atlantic Ocean

人为的二氧化碳排放增加了大气和海洋中的二氧化碳浓度，通过改变辐射平衡和海洋pH值对地球气候和海洋生物群造成有害影响。海洋吸收了30-50%的化石燃料排放到大气中的二氧化碳，从而大大减少了其温室效应-以酸化海洋为代价。海洋酸化对生态系统和海洋生物资源，特别是钙化生物、渔业或水产养殖等服务以及它们所维持的相关数百万美元产业和社区具有潜在的不利影响。我建议调查加拿大海洋生物资源和相关产业对海洋酸化的脆弱性，使用 选定沿海海洋地点分布沿着加拿大的海岸线进行个案研究。我将调查OA的威胁，直接和参与利益相关者，从季节到十年（世纪）的时间尺度，以允许明智的决定，促进长期，可持续的经济利用海洋生物资源的生存到工业规模的水产养殖或收获行业。 根据与最终用户和政策制定者的协商，以及他们对有机农业对其生计以及依赖生产和收获海洋生物资源的部门和社区的潜在影响的关切，将探讨两个主要研究问题： 1.什么是pH值的自然变化及其控制因素，这种变化是否掩盖或放大了酸度上升的长期趋势？ 2.目前有机酸监测活动的结果是否反映了贝类生产和收获地点存在的有机酸状况？ 基于对OA是否以及何时影响海洋生物资源和相关经济的收获和生产的更深入的了解，拟议的计划将提供有关这些自然资源未来可持续利用的重要见解，以及OA对沿着加拿大海岸线社区构成的潜在风险。该计划将直接支持博士后研究员，研究生从我的其他项目支持，并提供服务HQP监督合作的同事。HQP培训将反映通过相关自然科学和社会科学研究的广泛互动加强专业知识和专业准备的原则。HQP还将受益于与当地社区和最终用户的密切合作，这将塑造HQP的论文工作，并提供就业机会。

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions have increased CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere and ocean, causing deleterious effects on Earth's climate and on marine biota by altering the radiation balance and ocean pH. The oceans take up 30-50% of the fossil fuel CO2 emitted to the atmosphere, thus dramatically reducing its greenhouse effects - at the expense of acidifying the oceans. Ocean acidification (OA) has potentially adverse effects for ecosystems and living marine resources, particularly calcifying organisms, services such as fisheries or aquaculture, and the related multimillion dollar industries and communities they sustain. I propose to investigate the vulnerability of living marine resources and related industries to ocean acidification (OA) in Canada, using selected coastal marine sites distributed along Canada’s coastline for case studies. I will investigate the threats of OA, directly and by engaging stakeholders, to local economies from seasonal to decadal (century) time scales in order to allow for informed decisions that facilitate long-term, sustainable economic use of living marine resources by subsistence to industrial-scale aquaculture or harvesting industries. Based on consultations with end-users and policymakers and their concerns about the potential OA impacts on their livelihoods, as well as sectors and communities dependent on producing and harvesting living marine resources, two major research questions will be addressed: 1. What is the natural variability of pH and its controlling factors, and does this variability mask or amplify the long-term secular trend of rising acidity? 2. Do findings that result from current OA monitoring activities reflect OA conditions that exist in locations where shellfish production and harvesting occur? Based on improved biogeochemcial understanding on whether and at which time-scale OA will impact harvesting and production of marine living resources and related economies, the proposed program will provide essential insights regarding future sustainable use of these natural resources and the potential risks posed by OA to communities along Canada's coastlines. The proposed program will directly support a postdoctoral fellow, graduate students supported from my other projects, and offers to serve HQP supervised by collaborating colleagues. HQP training will reflect the principle that expertise and professional preparation is strengthened through interaction across the breadth of the relevant natural and social science research. HQP will also benefit from close collaboration with local communities and end-users, which will both shape HQP's thesis work and provide exposure to employment opportunities.