Mechanisms of regulation of ribosome biogenesis and stress resistance in yeast

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In eukaryotic cells, nearly one third of all newly synthetized proteins enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle containing specialized quality control machinery that ensures the proper folding of the nascent peptides. Failure to fold into their proper conformation leads to loss of protein function and cell death. Thus, cells have evolved signaling pathways that respond to sudden increases in the ER misfolded protein burden (ER stress) caused by various factors such as mutation or environmental insults. In response to ER stress, cells activate the unfolded protein response (