Emerging roles of renal intercalated cells

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The kidney is a complex organ due to the “in series” organization of its various tubular segments. The collecting duct runs through the renal cortex (cortical collecting duct) and then the medulla (outer and inner medulla) prior to releasing final urine in the renal pelvis. It is composed of at least three different cell types: principal cells (PC), type-A and type-B intercalated cells (IC). While textbooks currently describe principal cells as mediating sodium and water reabsorption, and IC as responsible for acid-base homeostasis, recent