Exploring the Role of Bacterial Translation Factors in Metabolism and Stress Resistance

细菌是活细胞，经常遇到压力环境，必须适应才能生存。压力可能包括酸、洗涤剂、抗生素、高温、过多的盐、有毒金属以及它们感染的动物的免疫系统。细菌细胞可以做很多事情来保护自己免受这种压力，包括解毒或消除压力的原因，或者通过改变它们生理的某些方面(就像人类在热的时候出汗一样)。并不是所有的环境都是平等的，细菌细胞在一个环境中的生存方式在另一个环境中可能是有害的。因此，细菌进化成将特定的应激反应与它们在当地环境中检测到的线索联系起来。什么信号被感知到，以及这些信息究竟如何整合到有效的反应中，这些细节是本研究的重点。

Bacteria are living cells that routinely encounter stressful situations and must adapt to survive. Stresses can include acids, detergents, antibiotics, heat, too much salt, toxic metals, and the immune systems of animals that they infect. Bacterial cells can do many things to protect themselves from such stresses including detoxifying or eliminating the cause of stress or by changing some aspect of their physiology (not unlike how a human sweats when they are hot). Not all environments are equal and the way a bacterial cell survives in one environment may be detrimental in another. Bacteria have therefore evolved to link particular stress responses to cues they detect in their local environment. The details of what signals are being sensed and exactly how this information is integrated into an effective response is the focus of this research.