Neuroelectronic and optogenetic stimulation for the precise control of corticospinal plasticity

用于精确控制皮质脊髓可塑性的神经电子和光遗传学刺激

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06120
• 负责人: Ethier, Christian
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630147
• 关键词: Neuroelectronic; optogenetic; stimulation; precise; control

Through neuroplasticity, the adult brain has the wonderful ability to continually adapt and form new circuits. We take advantage of this phenomenon when we memorize a text or when we practice a musical instrument. As the phrase "practice makes perfect” illustrates, repeating an activity is the key element that allows its consolidation. Several studies have shown that the repetition of neural activity can lead to synaptic potentiation following the principles identified by Hebb more than sixty years ago, often summarized as "neurons that fire together, wire together”. Despite progress in our understanding of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, we still understand very little about the principles underlying its expression in large-scale in vivo systems.

通过神经可塑性，成年人的大脑具有持续适应和形成新回路的奇妙能力。当我们记忆课文或练习乐器时，我们会利用这种现象。正如“熟能生巧”这句话所说明的那样，重复一项活动是使其得以巩固的关键因素。几项研究表明，神经活动的重复可以导致突触增强，遵循Hebb在60多年前确定的原则，通常被总结为“神经元一起激发，连接在一起”。尽管我们对活动依赖性突触可塑性的理解取得了进展，但我们仍然对它在大规模体内系统中表达的基本原理知之甚少。