Ecophysiology of weedy species

杂草物种的生态生理学

• 批准号: 509-2013
• 负责人: Upadhyaya, Mahesh
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630240
• 关键词: Ecophysiology; weedy; species

The long-term goal of my research program is to improve our understanding of the ecophysiology of weedy species, particularly of the factors affecting their size hierarchy and allometry, their inter- and intra-species interactions, and their interactions with biotic (e.g. plants and insects) and abiotic (e.g. UV-B radiation level and soil moisture stress) environments. Specific objectives of the proposed research are to determine: 1. if R/FR ratio modifies the size hierarchy and allometry of the agricultural weeds Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Setaria viridis, and Avena fatua and if these species differ in this regard, 2. how environmental stressors (UV-B radiation level and soil moisture stress) and nitrogen fertilization influence the optical properties (transmission, reflectance, and absorption) of leaves of these weeds with regard to FR light and if there are any interactions between these effects and weed species, leaf age or leaf position on the stem, 3. if reduction of leaf anthocyanin content in response to low R/FR alters the susceptibility of plants to an elevated UV-B radiation level, and 4. if soil moisture stress alters the allelopathic influence of Cynoglossum officinale leaves on the migratory grasshopper M. sanguinipes by altering their pyrrolizidine alkaloid content. Since size hierarchy influences plant-plant interactions, contribution of propagules by the individuals of a population to the next generation and biodiversity, an understanding of the effect of R/FR ratio on population size structure is needed. A difference in the allometric response of these weeds to R/FR ratio would have significant implications for their interaction with neighbours. Knowledge of the effect of UV-B radiation level, soil moisture stress and nitrogen fertilization on leaf optical properties and of any interactions between these effects and weed species, leaf age or leaf position on the stem would have significant implications for their potential to exert a shade-avoidance response. The research will also show if soil moisture stress influences the allelopathic interaction between C. officinale and the migratory grasshopper M. sanguinipes.

我的研究计划的长期目标是提高我们对杂草物种的生态生理学的理解，特别是影响其大小层次和异速生长的因素，它们的种间和种内相互作用，以及它们与生物（例如植物和昆虫）和非生物（例如UV-B辐射水平和土壤水分胁迫）环境的相互作用。建议研究的具体目标是确定：1。如果R/FR比修改的大小层次和异速生长的农业杂草反枝苋，藜，狗尾草，野燕麦，如果这些物种在这方面不同，2。环境压力（UV-B辐射水平和土壤水分胁迫）和氮肥如何影响这些杂草叶片的FR光的光学特性（透射率，反射率和吸收率），以及这些效应与杂草种类，叶龄或叶在茎上的位置之间是否存在任何相互作用。如果响应于低R/FR的叶花色素苷含量的减少改变了植物对升高的UV-B辐射水平的敏感性，以及4.土壤水分胁迫是否改变了舌鳎叶片对迁飞性蝗虫M.通过改变它们的吡咯里西啶生物碱含量来控制血根属植物。由于大小等级影响植物-植物的相互作用，繁殖体的个人的人口的下一代和生物多样性的贡献，R/FR比对人口规模结构的影响是必要的。这些杂草的异速生长反应的R/FR比的差异将有显着的影响，他们与邻居的相互作用。了解紫外线B辐射水平、土壤水分胁迫和氮肥对叶片光学特性的影响，以及这些影响与杂草种类、叶龄或茎上叶位之间的任何相互作用，将对它们发挥避阴反应的潜力产生重大影响。研究还将表明土壤水分胁迫是否影响C. officinale和迁飞蝗M.血足动物。