Characterization of the Arabidopsis-spider mite interaction

拟南芥-蜘蛛螨相互作用的表征

• 批准号: 194224-2013
• 负责人: Grbic, Vojislava
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630261
• 关键词: Characterization; Arabidopsis; spider; mite; interaction

To meet the global challenge of a sustainable agricultural production with a reduced pesticide use it is imperative to develop novel environmentally safe methods that can complement the current pesticide-based crop protection programs.The rapidly developing genomic/genetic resources in major crops, together with new breeding technologies, are providing a rational basis for the selection of resistant plants. While genomic resources for major plant pathogens facilitate plant breeding programs against diseases, similar resources are lacking for arthropod herbivores. A fundamental understanding of how arthropod herbivores interact with plants is crucial for development of new approaches to crop protection. We have recently sequenced the genome of two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae, one of the most polyphagous arthropods and one of the major pests in agriculture worldwide. This species feeds on over 1000 plant species belonging to more than 200 different plant families, including many agriculturally important crops. We have established TSMM as a model herbivore with molecular, genetic and genomic tools. TSMM is feeding on a plant model organism Arabidopsis thaliana that has the repertoire of information available on defense pathways and available genetic and genomic tools. We have established the Arabidopsis-spider mite interaction system with the long-term objective to understand molecular mechanism of their interaction. In this proposal, we will: a) characterize the mode of spider mite feeding/plant damage; b) identify plant perception of spider mite feeding; c) define the role of oxylipins in the regulation of plant defense against spider mite herbivory; d) identify the mechanism of mite adaptation to indol glucosinolates; and e) identify genes underlying natural variation in plant response to mite herbivory. Realization of these Objectives will train HQPs in wide range of skills, including genetics, plant and mite genomics and bioinformatics, physiology and microscopy making them competitive for careers in academia or industry.

为了应对减少农药使用的可持续农业生产的全球性挑战，必须开发新的环境安全的方法，以补充目前以农药为基础的作物保护计划。快速发展的主要作物基因组/遗传资源，以及新的育种技术，为抗性植物的选择提供了合理的基础。虽然主要植物病原体的基因组资源有助于植物抗病育种计划，但节肢动物食草动物缺乏类似的资源。了解植食性节肢动物与植物之间的相互作用对于开发新的作物保护方法至关重要。二斑叶螨是一种多食性的节肢动物，也是世界范围内农业上的主要害虫之一。该物种以200多个不同植物科的1000多种植物为食，包括许多重要的农业作物。我们已经建立了TSMM作为模式草食动物的分子，遗传和基因组工具。TSMM以一种植物模式生物拟南芥为食，该模式生物具有关于防御途径和可用遗传和基因组工具的信息库。本研究建立了红蜘蛛与紫茎泽兰相互作用的分子生物学模型，并以研究其相互作用的分子机制为长期目标。在本提案中，我们将：a）表征叶螨进食/植物损害的模式; B）鉴定叶螨进食的植物感知; c）确定氧化脂在调节植物防御叶螨植食性中的作用; d）鉴定螨对吲哚芥子油苷的适应机制;和e）鉴定植物对螨植食性响应的自然变异的基础基因。这些目标的实现将培训HQP广泛的技能，包括遗传学，植物和螨基因组学和生物信息学，生理学和显微镜，使他们在学术界或工业界的职业竞争力。