New Cell Type-Specific Data Sets and Computational Approaches for Plant Stress Biology

植物逆境生物学的新细胞类型特异性数据集和计算方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06483
• 负责人: Provart, Nicholas
• 金额: $ 5.25万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630335
• 关键词: New; Cell; Type; Specific; Data

Drought is one of the primary causes of reduced crop yields. Understanding how plants respond to water limitation is therefore important. Much progress has been made on understanding guard cells, the cell types that define the stomata. These are pores on the leaf surface that open and close in response to a variety of signals, including the water status of the plant. Under drought, stomata must act to balance a plant’s “hunger” (CO2 from the atmosphere still needs to enter the leaf through the stomata for photosynthesis to occur) with its “thirst” (stomata close to conserve water under drought). The discovery of the ABA co-receptors PYR1 and PYR1-like family in 2009 by Sean Cutler, Erwin Grill, and colleagues, along with extensive genetic work by, among others, Julian Schroeder’s and Sally Assmann’s groups, has helped towards elucidation of the signaling networks in guard cells.

干旱是作物减产的主要原因之一。因此，了解植物对水分限制的反应非常重要。对保卫细胞（定义气孔的细胞类型）的理解已经取得了很大进展。这些是叶片表面的气孔，它们会根据各种信号（包括植物的水分状况）打开和关闭。在干旱的情况下，气孔必须采取行动来平衡植物的“饥饿”（大气中的CO2仍然需要通过气孔进入叶片进行光合作用）和“干渴”（气孔关闭以保存干旱下的水分）。2009年，Sean Cutler、Erwin Grill及其同事发现了阿坝共受体PYR 1和PYR 1样家族，沿着Julian Schroeder和Sally Assmann等人的研究小组进行了广泛的遗传学工作，有助于阐明保卫细胞中的信号网络。