Effects of exercise on hippocampal plasticity

运动对海马可塑性的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04659
• 负责人: Aubert, Isabelle
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630650
• 关键词: Effects; exercise; hippocampal; plasticity

Physical fitness is critical for a healthy lifestyle. In addition to the well-documented cardiovascular benefits, exercise can maintain brain structure and promote regeneration during the aging process. These structural adaptations in the brain can contribute to better cognitive functions, such as learning and memory.To date, exercise is recognized to significantly increase the proliferation and development of newborn neurons in a specific part of the brain, the hippocampus. These new neurons can be involved in learning and memory. In contrast, the impact of exercise-induced plasticity in the aging brain on cellular components in contact with newborn neurons (i.e. cholinergic axons and blood vessels) in the hippocampus remains largely unknown. A main challenge in studying this type of structural organization and its response to exercise in the brain is the difficulty to image cells present in the brain in 3-dimensions. The current project will evaluate the effects of exercise in the aging brain on the morphology of, and interactions between, cholinergic processes (i.e. axons), newborn cells and blood vessels in the hippocampus. To do this, we will use novel methods that allow the visualization of specific cellular components at high resolution and in 3D in situ. At the functional level, the performance of the animals will be evaluated using motor, learning and memory tests. We will also address a possible correlation between structural and functional changes in response to aging and exercise.In collaboration with Dr. Stefanovic and Dr. McLaurin, our research team is in a unique position to bring further knowledge to the modulation of hippocampal morphology and function.

身体健康对于健康的生活方式至关重要。除了有充分证据证明的心血管益处外，运动还可以在衰老过程中保持大脑结构并促进再生。这些大脑结构的适应性改变有助于改善认知功能，如学习和记忆。迄今为止，运动被认为可以显著增加大脑特定部位海马体中新生神经元的增殖和发育。这些新的神经元可以参与学习和记忆。相比之下，运动诱导的可塑性在老化的大脑中对与海马中的新生神经元（即胆碱能轴突和血管）接触的细胞成分的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。研究这种类型的结构组织及其对大脑中运动的反应的主要挑战是难以对大脑中存在的细胞进行三维成像。目前的项目将评估运动对衰老大脑的形态学的影响，以及海马体中胆碱能过程（即轴突），新生细胞和血管之间的相互作用。为此，我们将使用新的方法，允许在高分辨率和3D原位可视化特定的细胞成分。在功能水平上，将使用运动、学习和记忆试验评价动物的表现。我们还将讨论结构和功能变化之间的可能相关性，以应对老化和exercise.In与Stefanovic博士和McLaurin博士合作，我们的研究团队是在一个独特的位置，使进一步了解海马形态和功能的调制。