Biological variations in efficiency of nutrient utilization

养分利用效率的生物变异

• 批准号: 250257-2012
• 负责人: Okine, Erasmus
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630817
• 关键词: Biological; variations; efficiency; nutrient; utilization

The overall goal of my metabolic research program is to make significant contributions to the beef and dairy production in Canada that addresses the increasing consumer demands for a sustainable and socially responsible animal agricultural industry. The long term goal of this Discovery Grant is to make significant contribution to elucidate the physiological mechanisms regulating the variation in efficiency of nutrient utilization between animals of the same type in terms of sex, age, breed etc on similar feed. There is enough evidence that there is a genetic basis for the variation in feed intake relative to maintenance and gain requirements. These differences in feed intake, measured as below or above the expected on the basis of size and growth are now measured as residual feed intake. We believe that these differences must be underpinned by measurable biological processes at the physiological level.The novelty of this research is the combination of transport mechanisms and metabolic processes in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in helping to understand the molecular and physiological processes responsible for production characteristics of agricultural species.The expected significance outcomes of this work are: 1) It will lay the foundation for a bovine transport and metabolism model and the associated methods for analyses and measurements of transport and metabolic capabilities of bovine tissues. 2) It will lay the ground work aimed at offering new approaches of feed/food evaluation that considers not only ruminal and post- ruminal digestion but the fates of metabolic fates nutrients in the GIT and adipose tissue.

我的代谢研究计划的总体目标是为加拿大的牛肉和乳制品生产做出重大贡献，以满足消费者对可持续发展和社会责任的动物农业产业日益增长的需求。这项发现补助金的长期目标是为阐明调节性别、年龄、品种等同类动物在相似饲料下营养利用效率差异的生理机制做出重大贡献。有足够的证据表明，相对于维持和增重要求，采食量的变化存在遗传基础。根据体型和生长情况，这些低于或高于预期的采食量差异现在被测量为剩余采食量。我们相信这些差异必须在生理水平上得到可测量的生物过程的支持。这项研究的新奇在于将胃肠道（GIT）中的运输机制和代谢过程相结合，以帮助理解负责农业物种生产特性的分子和生理过程。这项工作的预期意义成果是：1）为建立牛组织转运和代谢模型以及相关的牛组织转运和代谢能力的分析和测量方法奠定基础。2)它将奠定基础的工作，旨在提供新的方法，饲料/食品评价，不仅考虑瘤胃和瘤胃后消化，但命运的代谢命运的营养物质在胃肠道和脂肪组织。