Sensory and motor plasticity in learning

学习中的感觉和运动可塑性

• 批准号: 312371-2013
• 负责人: Henriques, Denise
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631094
• 关键词: Sensory; motor; plasticity; learning

Motor-control systems in our brains have a remarkable ability - greater than that of any artificial control system - to shape and repair themselves based on sensory feedback about their performance, or in other words to learn. But our adaptive mechanisms often fall short, forcing many neurological patients to live their lives with serious disabilities. A clearer understanding of motor learning could lead to improved rehabilitation, and to better motor-skills training for developmentally challenged or impaired individuals. The projects in this proposal will clarify the principles of motor learning by examining how our adaptive mechanisms integrate and affect data from multiple sensors. So far current models and experiments on motor learning have focused almost exclusively on the resulting changes to motor function or motor plasticity without regard to how learning also affects, and in turn is affected by, sensory processes, specifically those of proprioception (i.e., felt sense of position). A clearer understanding of how sensory functions are modified, and in turn modify motor learning and performance, is necessary to determine the sources of learning deficits in older individuals and neurological patients. Our objective is to reveal the function and contribution of both sensory and motor plasticity in motor learning, and hence in general motor control.

我们大脑中的运动控制系统有一种非凡的能力--比任何人工控制系统都要强大--可以根据感觉反馈来塑造和修复自己的表现，换句话说，就是学习。但我们的适应机制往往不足，迫使许多神经系统患者带着严重的残疾生活。更清楚地了解运动学习可以改善康复，并为发育障碍或受损的个人提供更好的运动技能训练。本提案中的项目将通过研究我们的适应机制如何整合和影响来自多个传感器的数据来阐明运动学习的原理。到目前为止，关于运动学习的当前模型和实验几乎完全集中在运动功能或运动可塑性的结果变化上，而不考虑学习如何影响感觉过程，并且反过来受到感觉过程的影响，特别是本体感受的感觉过程（即，位置感）。更清楚地了解感觉功能是如何改变的，进而改变运动学习和表现，对于确定老年人和神经系统患者学习缺陷的来源是必要的。我们的目标是揭示的功能和贡献的感觉和运动的可塑性在运动学习，因此在一般的运动控制。