Internal redundancy in simple response time tasks

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Many models of simple decision making are based on two major mechanisms, a decision threshold and a rate of accumulation for the perceived information. The decision thresholds are influenced by contextual information such as instructions, response frequencies, etc. whereas rates are influenced by the physical properties of the stimuli such as contrast, signal-to-noise ratio, etc. Highly-cited models include Ratcliff’s Diffusion model and Brown and Heathcote’s Linear Ballistic Accumulator model. In recent years, these models have incorporated an additional component: variability in the decision threshold across trials. This component was added to account for fast errors, i.e., erroneous responses that are faster than expected.