Mechanisms to understand the basis of species invasiveness

了解物种入侵基础的机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04480
• 负责人: MacIsaac, Hugh
• 金额: $ 4.52万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631781
• 关键词: Mechanisms; understand; basis; species; invasiveness

Biological invasions are a leading source of biodiversity change globally. Understanding the factors that contribute to invasion success at both the establishment-spread stage and impact stage are vital to reducing ecological, economic and health problems associated with introduction of nonindigenous species (NIS). Prior work has determined that some NIS that are introduced to and establish in a new ecosystem will have a greater ecological impact than do complementary native species at the same trophic level, possibly owing to prey naivety. It has proven very challenging to develop generalities to predict NIS impact, though recent work has focused on differences in functional responses - the feeding rate of an animal relative to food density. This work revealed generally higher feeding rates by invasive (i.e. high impact) NIS than their native analogues. However, the underlying basis for these feeding rate differences has not been addressed, nor has the generality of the pattern across different taxonomic groups.

生物入侵是全球生物多样性变化的主要来源。了解在建立-传播阶段和影响阶段促成入侵成功的因素，对于减少与引入非土著物种(NIS)相关的生态、经济和健康问题至关重要。先前的工作已经确定，一些引入并建立在新生态系统中的NIS将比在相同营养水平上互补的本地物种产生更大的生态影响，这可能是由于猎物的天真。尽管最近的工作集中在功能反应的差异上-动物的喂食率相对于食物密度，但事实证明，开发通用的方法来预测NIS的影响是非常具有挑战性的。这项工作揭示了入侵(即高影响)NIS通常比其本土类似物更高的摄食率。然而，这些摄食率差异的潜在基础还没有得到解决，也没有不同分类组之间模式的一般性。