Plant-mycorrhizal fungal interaction networks: understanding their role in the resilience and adaptation of forests to climate change

植物-菌根真菌相互作用网络：了解它们在森林对气候变化的恢复和适应中的作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04259
• 负责人: Simard, Suzanne
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=632139
• 关键词: Plant; mycorrhizal; fungal; interaction; networks

Enhancing regeneration of forests that are productive and resilient to perturbations will be a crucial strategy in Canada’s efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Resilient forests are characterized by above and belowground species diversity, healthy biotic and abiotic interactions, and connectivity, thus enabling them to resist damage and recover quickly from disturbance. However, ecological theory that aboveground competition is the dominant mechanism driving resource uptake, species coexistence, productivity and other forest ecological processes, is hindering the development of novel applications for increasing the resilience and adaptive capacity of regenerating forests. Lacking is an understanding of how facilitation by mutualists, in particular mycorrhizal fungi and the belowground networks they form among trees, influences tree behaviour and consequences for forest ecosystems. The underlying premise of this research is that resilience and adaptive capacity of forests is rooted in the balance of positive and negative above- and belowground interactions among species. Within this framework, I will focus on (i) outcomes, (ii) mechanisms and (iii) drivers of these interactions in forest ecosystems.

加强森林的再生，使森林具有生产力和抗干扰能力，将是加拿大减缓和适应气候变化的一项重要战略。具有复原力的森林的特点是地上和地下物种多样性、健康的生物和非生物相互作用以及连通性，从而使它们能够抵抗损害并从干扰中快速恢复。然而，生态理论认为地上竞争是驱动资源吸收、物种共存、生产力和其他森林生态过程的主导机制，这阻碍了提高森林再生恢复力和适应能力的新应用的开发。人们缺乏对互利共生，特别是菌根真菌及其在树木之间形成的地下网络的促进作用如何影响树木行为和对森林生态系统的影响的理解。这项研究的基本前提是，森林的恢复力和适应能力植根于物种之间积极和消极的地上和地下相互作用的平衡。在此框架内，我将重点关注森林生态系统中这些相互作用的（i）结果、（ii）机制和（iii）驱动因素。