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Ecological Dynamics of the Plant-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Mutualism: Contribution to Plant Species Turnover and Coexistence

植物-丛枝菌根真菌互利共生的生态动力学：对植物物种更新和共存的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
1556664
负责人：
James Bever
金额：
$ 60万
依托单位：
University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1556664&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ecological Dynamics Plant Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

项目摘要

The iconic tallgrass prairie of the American heartland undergoes a constant process of renewal following fire and grazing. The renewal consists of a turnover of species that provides for long-term coexistence and the maintenance of diversity. Recently, it has been revealed that a type of fungus that penetrates that roots of prairie plants plays an important role in how they compete for resources, and these interactions differ among species. The fungi thus affect how the sequence of turnover takes place. The details of this interaction, and whether it helps some species and hinders others, is yet unknown. This project will determine how this interaction affects the renewal process in unprecedented detail. This research will aid in efforts to restore natural prairie communities in the Midwest. Additionally, the project will provide training opportunities for students and contribute to a high school teacher development program.A growing body of work has identified important roles of soil organisms in plant species coexistence and turnover during succession. Insight into the potential dynamics of these systems is limited by a poor understanding of soil organism dynamics. This gap will be addressed in observational, experimental, and modeling stages. Observations will span time and space in monitoring changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal composition and plant growth across multiple plant species of varying life history. The dynamics of plant populations resulting from these fungal changes will be examined. Manipulative experiments will be designed and conducted to differentiate and quantify the impact of allocation of resources by the hosts to preferred mycorrhizae from fungal competitive ability. A conceptual model, including simulation, will be developed to produce a new theoretical framework that integrates plant physiological plasticity and life history trade-offs with plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal community feedbacks.

美国中心地带标志性的高草草原经历了火灾和放牧后的不断更新过程。这种更新包括物种的更替，以实现长期共存和维持多样性。最近，有研究表明，一种真菌穿透草原植物的根部，在它们争夺资源的过程中起着重要作用，而这些相互作用在物种之间是不同的。因此，真菌影响了周转的顺序。这种相互作用的细节，以及它是否有助于某些物种并阻碍其他物种，目前尚不清楚。该项目将确定这种相互作用如何影响更新过程中前所未有的细节。这项研究将有助于恢复中西部自然草原社区的努力。此外，该项目将为学生提供培训机会，并为高中教师发展计划做出贡献。越来越多的工作已经确定了土壤生物在植物物种共存和更替过程中的重要作用。深入了解这些系统的潜在动力学是有限的土壤生物动力学的认识不足。这一差距将在观察、实验和建模阶段得到解决。观测将跨越时间和空间，监测不同生活史的多个植物物种的丛枝菌根真菌组成和植物生长的变化。这些真菌的变化所导致的植物种群的动态将被检查。将设计并进行操纵实验，以区分和量化宿主对真菌竞争能力的资源分配对首选真菌的影响。一个概念模型，包括模拟，将开发一个新的理论框架，整合植物生理可塑性和生活史的权衡与植物丛枝菌根社区反馈。