Plasma flows, electric fields and currents in the Earth’s ionosphere

地球电离层中的等离子体流、电场和电流

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-03741
• 负责人: Koustov, Alexandre
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633484
• 关键词: Plasma; flows; electric; fields; currents

As the solar wind and the embedded interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) stream past the Earth, the charged-particle plasma in the Earth’s magnetosphere (the magnetic field region surrounding the Earth) is driven into continuous motion. The magnetospheric voltage generated by such motion produces currents that flow along magnetic field lines to the ionosphere only ~100 km above the Earth. The current then flows horizontally in the ionosphere before returning upward to the magnetosphere. The currents, voltages, and high-energy particles accelerated from the magnetosphere into the ionosphere not only are hazardous to astronauts and satellite electronics such as GPS systems in space, but also cause power blackouts and lead to pipeline corrosion and rupture on the ground.

随着太阳风和嵌入式星际磁场（IMF）经过地球，地球磁层中的带电粒子等离子体（地球周围的磁场区域）被驱动到连续运动中。这种运动产生的磁层电压会产生沿磁场线流向电离层的电流，仅在地球上方约100 km。然后，电流在电离层中水平流动，然后再返回到磁层。从磁层加速到电离层的电流，电压和高能颗粒不仅对宇航员和卫星电子（如太空中的GPS系统）有害，还会导致电力停电并导致管道腐蚀和地面破裂。