Numerical simulation of the physical spin and charge response of correlated materials

电子是在金属、半导体和绝缘体中形成电流的物体。现代电子设备之所以成为可能，是因为我们有能力理解和控制电子如何在材料中移动，或者在暴露于光或施加电压时发生反应。令人惊讶的是，我们对电子在材料中的行为的精确理解是非常基本的。这个问题的根本原因是电子之间的复杂相互作用与电子数量成指数关系，其数量级为阿伏伽德罗常数（6.02x10

Electrons are the objects that form current in metals, semi-conductors and insulators. Modern day electronic devices are possible due to our ability to understand and control how electrons move in materials, or react when exposed to light or an applied voltage. Surprisingly, our understanding of precisely how electrons behave in materials is very rudimentary. The root cause of this problem is that the complex interactions between electrons scale exponentially with the number of electrons, which is on the order of Avogadro’s constant (6.02x10