Remote sensing of snow using active and passive microwave systems

使用主动和被动微波系统遥感雪

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04385
• 负责人: Kelly, Richard
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=634008
• 关键词: Remote; sensing; snow; using; active

Snow and glacier melt provide water for more than one sixth of the world’s population yet observed changes and model predictions of snowmelt supply suggest that by 2050 future water demands in several parts of Canada and Eurasia are at risk of not being met by snow melt runoff (Mankin et al., 2015). Snow is also important for business activities. For example, the British Columbia ski industry revenue for 2012-13 was $1.3 billion which represents 9% of all annual provincial tourism activity. Yet snow also attracts significant economic costs. Hazards created by flooding from rapid spring snowmelt can also be devastating. For example, the recent 2013 flood in the South Saskatchewan and Elk river basins have been projected to cost in excess of $6 billion (Pomeroy et al. 2015), making it one of the costliest natural disasters in recent Canadian history. While snow accumulation is an important resource, its management is becoming increasingly challenging as the winter snow season regime changes with global warming. For example, the snow season is shortening with the average snow melt date shifting earlier in the season (Derksen and Brown, 2012). Changes impact the ski industry, food production and the hydroelectric power generation in regions that rely on snowmelt runoff.

雪和冰川融化为世界六分之一以上的人口提供了水，但观察到的变化和融雪供应的模型预测表明，到2050年，加拿大和欧亚大陆一些地区未来的水需求可能无法通过融雪径流来满足(Mankin等人，2015)。雪对商业活动也很重要。例如，2012-13年不列颠哥伦比亚省滑雪业的收入为13亿美元，占全省年度旅游活动的9%。然而，降雪也会带来巨大的经济成本。春季积雪快速融化引发的洪水造成的危险也可能是毁灭性的。例如，最近发生在萨斯喀彻温省南部和埃尔克河流域的2013年洪水预计造成的损失超过60亿美元(Pomeroy等人)。2015年)，使其成为加拿大近代史上损失最大的自然灾害之一。虽然积雪是一种重要的资源，但随着冬季雪季制度随着全球变暖而发生变化，积雪的管理正变得越来越具有挑战性。例如，雪季正在缩短，平均融雪日期在该季节提前(德克森和布朗，2012)。变化影响了滑雪业、粮食生产和依赖融雪径流的地区的水力发电。