Fast–slow dynamical systems

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It is commonplace in nature that complex systems behave according to the interaction of different elements, which evolve with different scales in space and time. For instance: in statistical mechanics one can easily separate the timescale of molecular interaction by the timescale of macroscopic interaction. In celestial mechanics, different type of motions evolve according to dramatically different timescales. In biology, the lifespan of a cell might be several order of magnitude smaller than the lifespan of the organism it constitutes; and, similarly, life or death of a single individual has little impact on the evolution of the species that that individual belongs to.