The Effects of Topographical and Geotechnical Characteristics of Sites on Seismic Movements Due to Natural and Human-Induced Earthquakes

地震发生在加拿大大部分地区，其影响可能会受到场地效应的很大影响。场地效应是由于局部地形和地质特征而引起的地震地面运动的修正。它们可能是许多人口稠密地区的主要担忧，因为这些场地效应可能以意想不到的方式导致城市基础设施的不稳定。人们经常观察到，地震过后，一些位于山丘上或沉积盆地中的建筑遭受的破坏比它们距离震中的预期要大得多。例如，在1946年温哥华岛7.2级地震期间，阿尔伯尼港大多数受损的烟囱都建在厚厚的松软土壤上。建在岩石上的房屋几乎没有受损。

Earthquakes occur in most parts of Canada, and their impact can be greatly influenced by site effects. Site effects are modifications of seismic ground movement due to local topography and geological characteristics. They can be a major concern for many populated areas, because of the potential of these site effects to contribute in unexpected ways to the destabilization of urban infrastructure. It has often been observed that, after earthquakes, some buildings located on hills or in sedimentary basins suffer greater damage than would be expected from their distances to the epicenter. For example, during the magnitude 7.2 Vancouver Island Earthquake in 1946, most of the damaged chimneys in Port Alberni were in areas built on thick soft soils. Houses built on rock exhibited little damage.