The Effects of Topographical and Geotechnical Characteristics of Sites on Seismic Movements Due to Natural and Human-Induced Earthquakes

地震发生在加拿大的大部分地区，其影响可能会受到场地效应的很大影响。场地效应是由于当地地形和地质特征引起的地震地面运动的修正。它们可能是许多人口稠密地区的主要关切，因为这些场地效应可能以意想不到的方式造成城市基础设施的不稳定。人们经常观察到，地震后，一些位于山上或沉积盆地中的建筑物受到的破坏比从它们到震中的距离所预期的要大。例如，在1946年的7.2级温哥华岛地震中，阿尔贝尔尼港大部分受损的烟囱都位于厚软土上。建在岩石上的房屋几乎没有受到什么损坏。

Earthquakes occur in most parts of Canada, and their impact can be greatly influenced by site effects. Site effects are modifications of seismic ground movement due to local topography and geological characteristics. They can be a major concern for many populated areas, because of the potential of these site effects to contribute in unexpected ways to the destabilization of urban infrastructure. It has often been observed that, after earthquakes, some buildings located on hills or in sedimentary basins suffer greater damage than would be expected from their distances to the epicenter. For example, during the magnitude 7.2 Vancouver Island Earthquake in 1946, most of the damaged chimneys in Port Alberni were in areas built on thick soft soils. Houses built on rock exhibited little damage.