Membrane and absorption processes in water treatment: adaptation to climate change

水处理中的膜和吸收过程：适应气候变化

• 批准号: 105386-2011
• 负责人: Narbaitz, Roberto
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636569
• 关键词: Membrane; absorption; processes; water; treatment

Since the 1993 cryptosporidiosis outbreak in Milwaukee, WI, which impacted over 400,000 citizens, microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane-based processes have been increasingly used in water treatment plant upgrades and new plants. Mississauga, ON, North Bay, ON and St. John's, NF are examples of cities now using membrane technology. Climate change is expected to produce changes in surface water quality, particularly much greater algal growth during summer months, thus water treatment plants will need to adapt. Membranes will likely foul more rapidly so dissolved air flotation (DAF) is expected to become a more popular form of pre-treatment. Also activated carbon (AC) adsorption will likely be used more frequently to help control algal-related taste and odour incidents. The applicant proposes to pursue three initiatives to address these impacts. First, to study the impact of dissolved air flotation (DAF) pretreatment on the performance of membrane processes under algal stress. DAF is an established technolgy but the interactions of DAF on hollow fibre membrane systems have hardly been studied. Second, to further develop a very promising new ultrafiltration membrane material with low fouling tendencies. This initiative will involve optimizing the preparation of this membrane, checking its chlorine resistance, developing hollow fibres from this material and testing them with several challenge waters. And finally, to evaluate a new adsorbent/electrochemical regeneration process which could potentially be more practical than AC for water treatment applications.

自1993年威斯康星州密尔沃基爆发隐孢子虫病以来，微滤(MF)和超滤(UF)膜工艺越来越多地被用于水处理厂的升级和新厂。安大略省的密西索加、安大略省的北湾和北卡罗来纳州的圣约翰都是现在使用膜技术的城市的例子。气候变化预计将导致地表水质量的变化，特别是在夏季的几个月中藻类的生长速度要大得多，因此水处理厂将需要适应。膜的污染可能会更快，因此溶解气浮(DAF)有望成为一种更受欢迎的前处理形式。此外，活性碳(AC)吸附可能会更频繁地用于帮助控制与藻类有关的味道和气味事件。申请人提议采取三项举措来应对这些影响。首先，研究在藻类胁迫条件下，溶解气浮(DAF)预处理对膜处理性能的影响。DAF是一项成熟的技术，但对DAF与中空纤维膜体系的相互作用研究甚少。二是进一步开发具有低污染倾向、极具发展前景的新型超滤膜材料。这一举措将包括优化这种膜的制备，检查其耐氯性，用这种材料开发中空纤维，并用几种具有挑战性的水对其进行测试。最后，评估一种新的吸附剂/电化学再生工艺，该工艺在水处理应用中可能比AC更实用。