A Physical demand-driven design system in modular construction

模块化结构中的物理需求驱动设计系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06721
• 负责人: Han, SangHyeok
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: Concordia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636875
• 关键词: Physical; demand; driven; design; system

Construction is predominantly physical in nature, with activities typically executed in uncomfortable environments and at a fast pace. In construction, traditional theories and practices focus mainly on improving Project Management (PM) to assist in project planning and control for productivity improvement. This tends to overlook the physical demands of production tasks during the lifecycle of a project—tasks which can exceed the physiological capability of the worker. This issue results in construction workers being exposed to an approximately 50% higher risk of suffering from work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) than workers in other industries. WRMSDs account for approximately 34% of nonfatal injuries in the construction industry, resulting in a median of 8 days per person per year away from work, compared with 6 days for all nonfatal injury and illness cases in the construction industry. By considering their origin upstream, construction accidents can be reduced by 60% through appropriate design changes. In this respect, the development of physical demand-driven design models and tools can contribute to productivity and safety improvement, with the result of reducing waste of motions (non-value-adding activities) and risk (due to awkward activities performed by the workers).

建筑在本质上主要是物理的，通常在不舒适的环境中以快速的速度进行活动。在施工中，传统的理论和实践主要集中在改善项目管理（PM），以协助项目计划和控制，以提高生产力。这往往忽视了在项目生命周期中生产任务的身体需求，这些任务可能超过工人的生理能力。这一问题导致建筑工人比其他行业的工人患工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病（WRMSDs）的风险高出约50%。WRMSD约占建筑业非致命伤害的34%，导致每人每年平均有8天不工作，而建筑业所有非致命伤害和疾病病例的中位数为6天。考虑到事故的源头在上游，通过适当的设计更改，可以减少60%的建筑事故。在这方面，物理需求驱动的设计模型和工具的开发可以有助于提高生产率和安全性，从而减少运动浪费（非增值活动）和风险（由于工人执行的笨拙活动）。