Large Scale Control System Theory and Applications

大规模控制系统和应用背景：控制系统和自动化领域处理的问题是修改系统的行为，使“期望”的事情发生。例如，在一个化工厂中，它实际上有100个测量值和100个控制阀来变化，它希望工厂应该生产一些期望的输出产品，例如聚合物。然而，在这种情况下，由于植物行为的复杂性，并且由于不可测量的干扰总是存在，因此不可能有一个人甚至一群人能够正确地调整植物的阀门（输入）以获得所需的产品。为了达到控制工厂的目的，使用了“控制器”，它通常是计算机上的一组指令。“简单工厂”通常有一个“集中控制器”，其中系统的所有信息都输入到计算机中，但对于像化工厂这样的复杂系统，使用这样一个集中控制器和一个“分散控制器”是不现实的，它由许多子控制器组成，每个子控制器都是相互隔离的。但问题在于，“分散控制”理论尚不完善，分散控制设计尚处于起步阶段。拟进行的研究项目：拟进行的研究项目是申请人先前关于所谓“大规模控制系统理论”的研究的延续。重点是去中心化控制，尤其是去中心化控制器的设计。提出的新理论：就正在发展的新理论而言，重点是：(i)澄清分散固定模式（DFM）的性质，这些性质仍未得到很好的理解；（ii）将尝试获得分散控制的基本限制；（iii）将尝试一种新的分散控制器设计方法，其特点是不需要数学模型；人们认为这样的设计方法很重要，因为在工业系统中很难进行模型构建。（四）研究各种复杂的分散控制设计方法。提出的新应用问题：结合新理论，确定理论在应用于现实世界问题时实际“起作用”的程度是非常有趣的，因此也将研究一些应用问题，这些问题本身就很有趣。(i)将设计新一代硬盘驱动器系统的控制器，据信将比现有的磁盘驱动器快一个数量级（西部数据公司，先进伺服机械技术，圣何塞，CA，美国对这种新的控制器设计感兴趣；注意：似乎没有加拿大公司可以与之互动。）（ii）将实施大型通用电力管理系统和分散控制器，用于包括多个分布式能源（DER）单元在内的微电网系统的自主模式运行。这类问题在微电网系统中很重要，并且比以前的研究要求更高。（iii）研究如何为脊髓损伤病人研制一种“效果良好”的控制器。将研究第三代大型灵活空间结构的分散控制问题；特别地，解存在的充分必要条件和控制器的特性将被提出。将该理论应用于MSAT II LFSS进行验证。

LARGE SCALE CONTROL SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONSBACKGROUND:The field of Control Systems and Automation deals with the problem of modifying the behaviour of a system, so that something "desirable" occurs. For example in a chemical factory, which has literally 100's of measurements and 100's of control valves to vary, it is desired that the plant should produce some desired output product , e.g. a polymer. In this case howeverit is impossible to have a single human or even a group of humans to be able to correctly adjust the valves (inputs) of the plantto achieve the desired product due to the complexity of the plant's behaviour, and due to the fact that disturbances, which areunmeasurable, are always present. To achieve this objective of controlling a plant, a "controller" is used, which typically is a set of instructions on a computer. "Simple plants" generally have a "centralized controller" in which all information of the system is fed into the computer but, for complex systems such as a chemical plant, it is not realistic to have such a centralized controller and a " decentralized controller",which consists of many sub-controllers, each of which are all isolated from each other, is used. The problem however, is that the theory of "decentralized control" is still incomplete, and decentralized control design is still in its infancy.RESEARCH STUDY PROPOSED:The research project proposed is a continuation of previous studies made by the applicant on so called "Large scale control systemstheory". In particular the focus is about decentralized control, and in particular the design of decentralized controllers.NEW THEORY PROPOSED:In terms of the new theory being developed, a focus on: (i) Clarifying the properties of decentralized fixed modes (DFM), which are still not well understood, will be made(ii) An attempt on obtaining the fundamental limitations of decentralized control will be made (iii) A new decentralized controller design method for plants will be attempted which has the property that it requires no mathematical model; it is believed that such a design approach is important, because model building is difficult to carry out in industrial systems.(iv) A study of various complex decentralized control design methods will be made. NEW APPLICATION PROBLEMS PROPOSED:In conjunction with new theory, it is of great interest to determine how well the theory actually "works" when applied to realworld problems, and so some application problems will also be studied, which are interesting in their own right.(i) A controller for new generation hard disc drive systems will be designed which is believed will be an order of magnitude faster than existing disc drives (Western Digital Corp., Advanced Servo-Mechanical Technologies, San Jose, CA, USA are interested in this new controller design; note:there appears to be no Canadian company to interact with.) (ii) A large generalized electric power management system and decentralized controller for the autonomous mode operation of a microgrid system that includes multiple distributed energy resource (DER) units will be carried out. This type of problem is important in microgrid systems and will be an order of magnitude more demanding than previous studies.(iii) The problem of developing a controller which works "well" for the case of patients with spinal cord injury will be carried out. (iv) A study of the decentralized control of third generation large flexible space structures (LFSS) will be made; in particular necessary and sufficient conditions for a a solution to exist and a controller characterization will be made. The theory will be tested out on applying it to the MSAT II LFSS.