Fundamentals and applications of thermochemical conversion processes for emerging energy recovery technologies: novel materials, processing, and capture

新兴能源回收技术热化学转化过程的基础和应用：新型材料、加工和捕获

• 批准号: 262771-2013
• 负责人: Mahinpey, Nader
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=637804
• 关键词: Fundamentals; applications; thermochemical; conversion; processes

The proposed research program will offer a novel approach to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One of the common means of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) in industry involves wet scrubbing with amine solvents. However, this causes a serious loss in thermodynamic efficiency and is unlikely to be cost-effective on a large scale. As a result, there has recently been considerable interest in dry processes for the capture of CO2. The unique aspect of this research is its emphasis on the integration of new materials for the capture of CO2 with gasification. The research program is based on three interrelated themes and their corresponding objectives. The main objective of the first theme - novel materials - is the fabrication of new solid materials that can replace limestone and its derivatives, which are the least costly and most abundant sorbents for the capture of CO2 at high temperatures. The major shortcoming of these sorbents is the rapid decrease of the CO2-capturing capacity over a large number of carbonation/calcination cycles. The engineered materials in this proposal will be tested under various operating conditions, leading to the main objective of the second theme - Integrated Gasification and CO2-Capture Processes. Various experiments will be conducted in a reactor to study the kinetics of the reactions ranging from carbonation/calcination to gasification. In order to replace calcium-based materials with engineered synthetic sorbents for commercialization, a detailed economic analysis is needed to determine the economic trade-off between the cost and the efficiency of sorbents, thereby ensuring a financially viable gasification and CO2-capture process. The knowledge obtained in the research of themes 1 and 2 will provide essential information for the main objective of theme 3, which is for the development of a comprehensive and flexible model capable of assessing the economics of the process. The proposed research will benefit Canada on several fronts: socio-economic, energy, and environment. The proposal, at its core, is designed to provide advanced training for 19 HQP at different levels.

拟议中的研究项目将为减少温室气体（GHG）排放提供一种新方法。工业中捕获二氧化碳（CO2）的常用方法之一是用胺类溶剂进行湿法洗涤。然而，这会导致热力学效率的严重损失，并且不太可能在大规模上具有成本效益。因此，最近人们对捕集二氧化碳的干法产生了相当大的兴趣。这项研究的独特之处在于它强调将新材料与气化相结合以捕获二氧化碳。该研究计划基于三个相互关联的主题及其相应的目标。第一个主题——新材料——的主要目标是制造新的固体材料，以取代石灰石及其衍生物，这是最便宜和最丰富的吸附剂，用于在高温下捕获二氧化碳。这些吸附剂的主要缺点是在大量的碳化/煅烧循环中，二氧化碳捕获能力会迅速下降。本提案中的工程材料将在各种操作条件下进行测试，从而实现第二个主题的主要目标-综合气化和二氧化碳捕获过程。各种实验将在反应器中进行，以研究从碳化/煅烧到气化的反应动力学。为了用工程合成吸附剂取代钙基材料以实现商业化，需要进行详细的经济分析，以确定吸附剂的成本和效率之间的经济权衡，从而确保经济上可行的气化和二氧化碳捕获过程。在主题1和2的研究中获得的知识将为主题3的主要目标提供必要的资料，主题3的主要目标是发展一种能够评估该过程的经济效益的全面和灵活的模式。拟议的研究将使加拿大在几个方面受益：社会经济、能源和环境。该提案的核心是为19名不同级别的HQP提供高级培训。