Technologies for the Valorization of Alternative Fossil and Renewable Resources

替代化石和可再生资源的增值技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04572
• 负责人: Berruti, Franco
• 金额: $ 3.21万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=637876
• 关键词: Technologies; Valorization; Alternative; Fossil; Renewable

The Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR) has been established at Western University in 2009 to accommodate our expanding research activities dealing with the thermal cracking and upgrading of low value fossil resources (heavy oils extracted from the oil sands) and renewables (residual biomasses, organic wastes and selected crops) into upgraded products, using advanced chemical reactor technologies. The proposed Discovery grant builds upon years of experience in thermal cracking of heavy oils and of residual biomass materials using conventional gas-solid fluidized bed reactors as well as more recent technologies, including mechanically fluidized reactors. Thermal cracking is an intrinsically non-selective process and generates hundreds of chemical species. The main objective of the proposed Discovery grant is to improve the selectivity and enhance the quality and value of the condensable and solid products by a synergistic combination and integration of advanced reactor and separation technologies. The research will aim at the conversion of low value, or negative value resources (residues, organic waste materials, sludges and heavy hydrocarbons) into (a) high value intermediates that can be more readily upgraded and integrated with petroleum fuel streams, and, more importantly, (b) into high value targeted “non-fuel” chemical products, such as pharmaceuticals, flavors, cosmetics, specialty and fine chemicals. The objective will be achieved by tackling projects designed to address selectivity and quality enhancement (i) during the reactions, (ii) during the collection of the primary products, as well as (iii) by post-processing the primary products. The projects will include: catalytic pyrolysis in, or following, a bubbling fluidized bed integrated with a fractional condensation train; non-catalytic batch pyrolysis in a mechanically fluidized reactor operating at progressively increasing temperatures integrated with fractional condensation trains; valorization of liquid fractions by advanced extraction techniques and catalytic transformation processes and of the solid fractions by activation, granulation, or utilization for the production of advanced materials; novel approaches to integration of production and valorization using supercritical fluids for both reaction and fractionation. The research will lead to several beneficial outcomes: reduction of pollution created by residues and wastes, diversion from landfills, valorization of agricultural and forestry co-products, net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and integration of renewables into conventional fossil fuels and chemicals. The environmentally friendly production of high quality product from low quality, residual or waste resources will provide economic, environmental and social benefits to all members of society.

来自替代资源的化学品和燃料研究所(ICFAR)于2009年在西部大学成立，以适应我们不断扩大的研究活动，这些研究活动涉及利用先进的化学反应堆技术，将低价值化石资源(从油砂中提取的重油)和可再生能源(剩余生物质、有机废物和特定作物)热裂解和升级为升级产品。拟议的发现赠款建立在使用传统气固流态化反应器和较新技术(包括机械流态化反应器)对重油和剩余生物质材料进行热裂解方面的多年经验基础上。热裂解本质上是一个非选择性的过程，会产生数百种化学物质。拟议的发现赠款的主要目标是通过先进的反应器和分离技术的协同组合和集成，改善可冷凝和固体产品的选择性，并提高其质量和价值。研究的目的是将低价值或负价值资源(残留物、有机废物、污泥和重烃)转化为(A)更容易升级和与石油燃料流结合的高价值中间体，更重要的是，(B)转化为高价值目标“非燃料”化学产品，如药品、香料、化妆品、特种化学品和精细化学品。将通过以下方式实现这一目标：处理旨在解决以下问题的项目：(1)反应期间的选择性和质量提高；(2)初级产品的收集期间；以及(3)初级产品的后处理。这些项目将包括：在鼓泡床中或之后与分馏冷凝系列集成的鼓泡床中或之后的催化热解；在与分馏冷凝系列集成的机械流态化反应器中以逐步升高的温度运行的非催化间歇热解；通过先进的萃取技术和催化转化工艺对液体馏分进行计价，通过活化、造粒或用于生产先进材料来利用固体馏分；使用用于反应和分馏的超临界流体实现生产和计价一体化的新方法。这项研究将产生几个有益的结果：减少残留物和废物造成的污染，从垃圾填埋场转移，农林联产产品的定价，净减少温室气体排放，以及将可再生能源纳入传统化石燃料和化学品。利用低质量、残余物或废物资源生产环境友好的高质量产品，将为社会所有成员提供经济、环境和社会效益。