Advanced Lithium Ion Battery Thermal Management and Health Management

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Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries are considered to be the most promising energy storage technology with higher energy density, lighter weight, negligible memory effect, and lower self-discharge rate when compared to other rechargeable battery technologies, and have already found many applications in industries such as automotive, military, and consumer electronics. Although offering many advantages and benefits, Li-ion technologies have not yet been fully developed to meet the performance needs and economic matrix for many critical applications in industries. Significant advancements in battery management systems are critically needed for the Li-ion technologies to achieve much broader market penetration. Accordingly, the proposed research is to develop advanced battery thermal management system (TMS) and health management system (HMS) for more reliable, more efficient, more compact, lighter weight and longer cycle-life energy storage. In battery thermal management, a more efficient and compact micro-channel heat pipe based TMS will be developed to ensure an optimum operational temperature range for battery applications under high discharge rates. The proposed battery TMS possesses the features of high efficiency, low weight, and compact package. In battery HMS, a fully intelligent battery HMS will be developed such that Li-ion battery packs can perform three novel functions, i.e., self-learning, self-diagnostics, and self-prognostics, for battery performance optimization and reliability enhancement. The proposed battery thermal/health management systems will be experimentally validated on the battery packs for a Formula Hybrid and an UAV under both normal and abusive discharge scenarios, and will assure the battery packs operate within a desired temperature range, prevent thermal runaway, and also provide real-time battery performance optimization, health monitoring, and failure prognostics. The findings of the research will permit energy storage industry to target its resources with greater effectiveness in developing more reliable, more compact, and more efficient Li-ion battery systems, and these battery systems would help guarantee the high-level reliability, availability, and productivity of the relevant devices or equipment in a wide array of critical applications in Canada. In addition, training HQP in energy storage, thermal management, system health condition monitoring and life prediction, signal processing, and intelligent systems, will provide Canadian industries with potential experts, which will promote the advance of economy and society in Canada. The proposed battery TMS and HMS technologies will have a world-wide clientele and will put Canadian industries and universities in forefront of innovation, and help Canada emerge as a global technology leader and high-value-added products provider in energy storage.