A Holow Cathode DC Plasma Torch for Waste Treatment

用于废物处理的空心阴极直流等离子炬

• 批准号: 521972-2017
• 负责人: Mostaghimi, Javad
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=639871
• 关键词: Holow; Cathode; DC; Plasma; Torch

As traditional waste repositories, such as landfills, become less and less available, treatment of waste in an environmentallyresponsible manner has become one of our central problems. Since many types of waste are organic, incineration has beenincreasingly used for reduction of the waste volume. However, high off-gas flow rates and the consequent high cost of off-gasclean-up, as well as the production of residues containing hazardous materials, mean that incineration does not offer a completeanswer to the waste problem. Furthermore, many wastes have a low heating value, and their combustion requires additionalsources of fuel.Thermal plasma offers an attractive alternative to incineration for waste treatment . The principal advantages that a plasma offersto treatment processes are :(a) high energy densities and high temperatures which allow for rapid heating and reactor start-up; high heat and reactant transferrates; smaller installation size for a given waste throughput; melting of high temperature materials; and,(b) use of electricity as the energy source which results in decoupling of the heat generation from combustion and hence thevolume of air required; lower off-gas flow rates and consequently lower gas cleaning costs.The proposed project is on the manufacture and testing of a 75-kW DC plasma torch for waste treatment. Our industrial partner,Aplas, has made the preliminary design of the torch.

随着垃圾填埋场等传统垃圾库变得越来越少，以对环境负责的方式处理废物已成为我们的核心问题之一。由于许多类型的废物都是有机的，焚烧被越来越多地用于减少废物体积。然而，较高的废气流量和随之而来的高昂的废气清理成本，以及生产含有危险材料的残留物，意味着焚烧并不能完全解决废物问题。此外，许多废物的热值很低，它们的燃烧需要额外的燃料来源。热等离子体为处理废物提供了一种有吸引力的焚烧替代方案。等离子体为处理过程提供的主要优点是：(A)高能量密度和高温，允许快速加热和反应堆启动；高热量和反应物转移率；特定废物吞吐量的较小安装尺寸；高温材料的熔化；以及(B)使用电力作为能源，导致热产生与燃烧脱钩，从而减少所需的空气量；较低的尾气流速，从而降低气体净化成本。我们的工业合作伙伴Aplas已经完成了火炬的初步设计。