Arctic Resources

北极资源

• 批准号: 1000213966-2017
• 负责人: Pearson, David
• 金额: $ 42.5万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Excellence Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=642979
• 关键词: Arctic; Resources

Over the past decade, diamond exploration and mining have been the paramount drivers of economic development in Canada’s North, accounting for over $2 billion in economic activity annually. To sustain this tremendous success beyond the projected 10-20 year life spans of the four current mines, it is critical to discover new diamond deposits. The proposed research program will provide the fundamental input data needed to achieve this goal by revolutionizing our understanding of the spatial extent, age, and thermal history of the deep continental roots that are the ultimate source of diamonds in Arctic Canada. To generate the first detailed picture of these deep continental roots as they evolved through time, the CERC will combine (1) field work in the Arctic to collect rare rock samples of deep origin from volcanic diatremes, (2) geochemical interrogation of these samples with state-of-the-art analytical methods, and (3) collaboration in a new major government program – Geomapping for Energy and Minerals – producing new seismic tomography data. The resulting comprehensive model will boost exploration programs and expenditures in Arctic Canada by identifying new areas that are prospective for diamonds or other mineral deposits. In addition, innovative micro-sampling techniques developed by the CERC for the analysis and age determination of diamonds will enable the first detailed chemical characterisation of Canada’s diamond production. This research will provide Canada with world-leading technologies to protect the ethical and geographical purity of its diamond production, a feature of Canadian diamonds that collects a significant premium on the world market. The Arctic resources group established by this program will reinvigorate exploration efforts in the North, support the discovery of new natural resources, provide Canada with valuable expertise for developing policies, e.g. relating to the Kimberley Certification Process controlling illicit diamond trade, and, thus, promote social and economic development in the North. Prof. D.G. Pearson, the CERC nominee, is by far the most successful mid-career researcher in the field of mantle and diamond research worldwide. His body of work, 134 peer reviewed publications since 1988, has been cited 2560 times (h-index of 29), with rapidly increasing recognition over the past decade (from 89 to 309 citations/year from 2000 to 2008). Major career milestones include pioneering analytical developments that have revolutionized radiometric dating of minute samples, the quantitative analysis of platinum group elements, and the determination of ultra low abundance trace element concentrations. Dr. Pearson’s innovative discoveries have led to landmark research contributions including the first age determination for diamond genesis based on Re-Os dating of single sulphide inclusions, fundamental insights into the origin and evolution of cratons (ancient continental nuclei) and their mantle roots through time, and the first fully quantitative trace element data for gem diamonds applicable to fingerprinting their geographical origin. His contributions were recognized through two major awards, one national (Wollaston Prize, Geological Society London, 2003) and one international (Lindgren Medal of the Society of Economic Geologists, 1999). Through his indisputable academic excellence, top-ranking international reputation, and established strong links with researchers from industry, government and academia in Canada, Dr. Pearson is the ideal candidate for a CERC in Arctic Resources focussing on diamonds.

在过去十年中，钻石勘探和开采一直是加拿大北部经济发展的最重要驱动力，每年在经济活动中占20亿美元以上。 为了在目前四个矿山的预计10-20年寿命之后保持这一巨大成功，发现新的钻石矿床至关重要。拟议的研究计划将提供实现这一目标所需的基本输入数据，彻底改变我们对深大陆根的空间范围，年龄和热历史的理解，这些根是加拿大北极地区钻石的最终来源。 为了绘制这些深层大陆根随时间演变的第一幅详细图像，CERC将结合联合收割机：（1）在北极进行实地工作，收集来自火山岩的深层稀有岩石样本，（2）用最先进的分析方法对这些样本进行地球化学调查，以及（3）在一个新的主要政府项目--能源和矿产地理测绘--中进行合作，产生新的地震层析成像数据。 由此产生的综合模型将通过确定具有钻石或其他矿藏前景的新区域来促进加拿大北极地区的勘探计划和支出。 此外，CERC开发的用于钻石分析和年龄测定的创新微取样技术将首次对加拿大钻石生产进行详细的化学表征。这项研究将为加拿大提供世界领先的技术，以保护其钻石生产的道德和地理纯度，这是加拿大钻石在世界市场上获得巨大溢价的一个特点。 该方案设立的北极资源集团将重振北方的勘探努力，支持发现新的自然资源，为加拿大制定政策提供宝贵的专门知识，例如与控制非法钻石贸易的金伯利证书进程有关的政策，从而促进北方的社会和经济发展。 教授丹吉Pearson是CERC提名人，是迄今为止全球地幔和钻石研究领域最成功的职业中期研究人员。 自1988年以来，他的作品共发表了134篇同行评议的出版物，被引用了2560次（h指数为29），在过去的十年中，他的知名度迅速提高（从2000年到2008年，每年的引用次数从89次增加到309次）。主要的职业里程碑包括开创性的分析发展，彻底改变了微量样品的放射性测年，铂族元素的定量分析，以及超低丰度微量元素浓度的测定。Pearson博士的创新发现带来了具有里程碑意义的研究贡献，包括基于单一硫化物包裹体的Re-Os测年首次确定钻石成因的年龄，对古大陆核及其地幔根的起源和演化的基本见解，以及适用于确定其地理起源的宝石钻石的第一个完全定量的微量元素数据。他的贡献得到了两个主要奖项的认可，一个是国家奖（沃拉斯顿奖，地质学会伦敦，2003年），一个是国际奖（经济地质学家学会林格伦奖章，1999年）。凭借其无可争议的学术成就，一流的国际声誉，以及与加拿大工业，政府和学术界研究人员建立的密切联系，Pearson博士是北极资源CERC专注于钻石的理想候选人。