Characterizing the Atomization of a Liquid Mass

表征液体物质的雾化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06353
• 负责人: Ashgriz, Nasser
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=644206
• 关键词: Characterizing; Atomization; Liquid; Mass

Canada's commitment to Paris accord can only be realized with a significant reduction in emissions from oil and gas, and transportation sectors. Oil and gas accounts for 26% and transportation for 23% of Canada's total GHG emissions. In North America, combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel make up for 84% of all transportation energy. Therefore, any improvement in combustion energy efficiency, can have a large impact on the total emission. Combustion efficiency and emission intimately relate to the fuel injection and mixing inside the combustion chamber. More and more engines utilize Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) because of its higher fuel efficiency. In addition, diesel and biodiesel fuels are become more popular, again because of their fuel efficiency. Therefore, further improvements in the fuel efficiency and emission reduction require a better understanding of the fuel injection and atomization processes and development of models to predict these processes. Such models can be implemented in spray combustion codes to modify engine designs, optimize the combustion efficiency, and reduce emissions. ***A novel experiment is proposed that will provide a well-defined characterization of the atomization process. Breakup of an initially stationary (suspended) liquid droplet by a high velocity gas jet will be studied. A systematic study of the breakup of a single droplet allows for the understanding of the effects of both physical and chemical properties of the fuel and injector geometry. Each droplet breakup event generates a certain number of droplets with certain size distribution. If we can model each event, then we will be able to model a liquid atomization process by combining several relevant droplet breakup events. Therefore, a single droplet breakup event will be the basis for our more general atomization model. ***Another goal of the present proposal is to develop a new spray droplet sizing system, so that spray researchers, developers and users can improve their spray nozzles. The proposed system is based on the traditional imaging method, however, it utilizes a novel arrangement for the lighting and the camera system with respect to the spray. A nano-second flash LED will be used to freeze the motion of fast moving droplets. This instrument will allow online characterization of a spray in an industrial setting, which can help all spray users improve system efficiency, reduce fuel consumption, and enhance fuel delivery. The proposed system will cost 20 times less than the currently available systems for spray sizing. An innovation than provides an order of magnitude improvement (10 times) in the existing system, is considered a disruptive innovation. Considering that sprays are used in a broad range of industries, we believe that the proposed device is truly a disruptive innovation.

加拿大对巴黎协议的承诺只有在石油、天然气和交通部门大幅减少排放的情况下才能实现。石油和天然气占加拿大温室气体排放总量的26%，交通运输占23%。在北美，汽油和柴油的燃烧占所有运输能源的84%。因此，燃烧能效率的任何提高，都会对总排放产生很大的影响。燃烧效率和排放与燃烧室内的燃油喷射和混合密切相关。由于汽油直喷(GDI)具有较高的燃油效率，因此越来越多的发动机采用GDI。此外，柴油和生物柴油变得更受欢迎，同样是因为它们的燃油效率。因此，进一步提高燃油效率和减少排放需要更好地了解燃油喷射和雾化过程，并开发预测这些过程的模型。这样的模型可以在喷雾燃烧代码中实现，以修改发动机设计，优化燃烧效率，并减少排放。*提出了一种新的实验，它将提供雾化过程的明确表征。本课程将研究高速气体射流对初始静止(悬浮)液滴的破碎。对单个液滴的系统研究有助于了解燃料的物理和化学性质以及喷油器几何形状的影响。每个液滴破碎事件都会产生一定数量的具有一定尺寸分布的液滴。如果我们能够对每个事件进行建模，那么我们就能够通过组合几个相关的液滴破碎事件来对液体雾化过程进行建模。因此，单个液滴的破碎事件将是我们更一般的雾化模型的基础。*本提案的另一个目标是开发一种新的喷雾液滴尺寸系统，以便喷雾研究人员、开发人员和用户能够改进他们的喷嘴。所提出的系统是基于传统的成像方法，然而，它使用了一种新的照明和关于喷雾的摄像系统布置。一个纳秒的闪光LED将被用来冻结快速移动的液滴的运动。该仪器将允许在工业环境中对喷雾进行在线表征，这可以帮助所有喷雾用户提高系统效率，降低燃油消耗，并增强燃料输送。拟议的系统的成本将比目前可用的喷雾施胶系统低20倍。一项在现有系统中提供数量级改进(10倍)的创新被认为是颠覆性创新。考虑到喷雾在广泛的行业中使用，我们相信拟议中的设备确实是一项颠覆性的创新。