Development of functional hybrid organic/inorganic architectures : methodology and applications

我们的研究项目针对的是功能杂化材料的概念(设计、合成、表征和性能评估)。由于其独特的电学和光学性质，无机纳米结构被广泛应用。然而，由于它们缺乏溶解性、容易结块、附着力差和缺乏凝聚力等原因，很难大规模开发。为了解决这些问题，必须使用表面活性剂、粘结剂、表面配体和分散剂，但它们的存在往往会导致材料的电子或光学性能恶化。*在这里，我们将探索使用短暂表面活性剂来分散纳米颗粒和纳米管，短暂表面活性剂是一类新型的表面活性剂，它在溶液中具有表面活性，但在固体中蒸发。为此，我们将探索各种烯烃单体与二氧化硫的共聚，形成一种能够稳定溶液中纳米材料的两亲性聚合物。有趣的是，这种聚合物也是自焚的：在热、光或酸刺激的作用下，它们解聚成挥发性单体单位。作为一项应急计划，我们还将探索醛的阴离子聚合以形成短暂的表面活性剂。所得分散体将用于形成导电油墨，由于导电纳米颗粒或纳米管之间的界面没有界面有机物质，预期结果是达到更高的导电性。*我们还将探索石墨化聚合物的形成。这种聚合物是可溶的和可加工的，但在刺激的作用下，它会转化为石墨。为此，将对聚对苯亚甲基的化学进行研究。在光照下分解的光酸发生器将被用来触发转化为石墨。石墨化聚合物的使用提供了在多种材料上直接激光写入难熔石墨的可能性。*总体而言，这项研究计划可能对微电子行业应用的纳米材料的制定产生重大影响。*每年将支持四名博士生和两名本科生，使高素质人才的形成成为我们研究计划的重要组成部分。

Our research program aims at the conception (design, synthesis, characterization and property assessment) of functional hybrid materials. Due to their unique electronic and optical properties, inorganic nanostructures are exponentially used for a plethora of applications. However, they are difficult to exploit on a large scale due, inter alia, to their absence of solubility, their tendency to agglomerate, their poor adhesion and their lack of cohesiveness. To address these issues, surfactants, binders, surface-ligands, dispersants must be employed, but their presence is often responsible for a deterioration of the electronic or optical performance of the material. ***Here, we will explore the dispersion of nanoparticles and nanotubes using ephemeral surfactants, a novel class of surfactants which are surface-active in solution, but which evaporate in the solid-state. For this purpose, we will explore the copolymerization of a variety of olefin monomers with sulfur dioxide to form an amphiphilic polymer capable of stabilizing nanomaterials in solution. Interestingly, such polymers are also self-immolative: under the action of a heat, light or acid stimulus, they depolymerize into volatile monomeric units. As a contingency plan, we will also explore the anionic polymerization of aldehydes for the formation of ephemeral surfactants. The resulting dispersions will be used to form conducting inks, with the expected outcome that a higher conductivity be reached due to the absence of interfacial organic material at the interface between conducting nanoparticles or nanotubes. ***We will also explore the formation of a graphitizing polymer. Such polymer is soluble and processable, but under the action of a stimulus, it transforms into graphite. For this purpose, the chemistry of poly paraphenylene methylene will be investigated. A photoacid generator which decomposes under illumination will be used to trigger the transformation into graphite. The use of graphitizing polymers offer the possibility of direct laser writing of intractable graphite on a wide range of materials. ***Overall, this research program could have a significant impact of the formulation of nanomaterials for application for the microelectronic industry.***Four PhD students and two undergraduate students will be supported each year, making the formation of highly qualified personnel an essential component of our research program.