Climate and the ecosystem of the Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida)
气候和北极鳕鱼(Boreogadus saida)的生态系统
基本信息
- 批准号:RGPIN-2017-04831
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.4万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:加拿大
- 项目类别:Discovery Grants Program - Individual
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:加拿大
- 起止时间:2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The Arctic is transforming rapidly under the double pressure of climate change and industrialization. The Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) dominates the offshore ecosystem of Arctic seas, making up to 95% of the fish assemblage in the open sea. Several seabirds and marine mammals such as the ring seal (the main prey of polar bear), the beluga and the narwhal, feed primarily on the small Arctic cod. Hence, the response of this pivotal species to climate change will directly impact the services provided by the marine ecosystem to Inuit communities, such as traditional food, health, and clothing, inter-generation bonding, art, hunting revenues, tourism, etc. ******My team study the ecology of Arctic cod and its response to variations in climate. Each year since 2003, the annual expedition of the Canadian research icebreaker Amundsen has provided access to Baffin Bay, the central Canadian Archipelago, and the Beaufort Sea. The sophisticated sonars of the ship measure continuously the distribution and abundance of juvenile and adult fish in these seas. Plankton nets and trawls are deployed to identify the fish detected by the sonars. The number and size of juvenile arctic cod at the end of the summer season are of particular interest as they dictate the future size of the population. We discovered that the biomass (number multiplied by size) of juvenile Arctic cod is large in years when the sea-ice break-up is early. An early break-up allows the surface layer of the ocean to warm up during summer. An early break-up and warmer temperatures could enable the young fish to grow faster. Alternatively, an early break-up could allow the larvae hatched early in March and April to survive with a longer time to achieve a large size by the end of summer. We propose to test these hypotheses in the coming years. We also discovered that the otoliths or ear-stones, small concretions in the orientation system of Arctic cod, is preserved in the bottom sediments of some areas of the Canadian Archipelago. The otolith records the daily growth of the young fish and the annual growth of the adults. We propose to correlate the reconstructed abundance and growth of Arctic cod over the last millennium to corresponding variations in climate and the timing of the ice break-up. Finally, we will test the idea that fast growth and a relatively large size allow young Arctic cod to avoid predation by seabirds by comparing the otoliths retained in the gizzard of different seabirds (an index of the size and growth of fish captured by seabirds) to the otoliths of the fish captured with nets and trawls.******The Inuit communities of Canada, the oil exploration sector active in the Arctic, and policy makers in government agencies (e.g. Energy Board Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs, Canada) are the end users of the improved understanding of the response of arctic marine ecosystems to climate change and development generated by this research.**
在气候变化和工业化的双重压力下,北极正在迅速发生变化。北极鳕鱼(Boreogadus saida)在北极海域的近海生态系统中占主导地位,占公海鱼类总数的95%。一些海鸟和海洋哺乳动物,如环海豹(北极熊的主要猎物)、白鲸和独角鲸,主要以小型北极鳕鱼为食。因此,这一关键物种对气候变化的反应将直接影响海洋生态系统为因纽特人社区提供的服务,如传统食物、健康和服装、代际纽带、艺术、狩猎收入、旅游等******我的团队研究北极鳕鱼的生态学及其对气候变化的反应。自2003年以来,每年的加拿大研究破冰船阿蒙森号都提供了通往巴芬湾、加拿大中部群岛和波弗特海的通道。船上先进的声纳不断测量这些海域中幼鱼和成鱼的分布和数量。浮游生物网和拖网被用来识别声纳探测到的鱼类。在夏季结束时,幼鳕鱼的数量和大小特别令人感兴趣,因为它们决定了种群的未来规模。我们发现,北极鳕鱼幼鱼的生物量(数量乘以大小)在海冰破裂早期的年份较大。早期的破裂使海洋表层在夏季变暖。较早的破裂和较暖的温度可以使幼鱼生长得更快。另一种选择是,提早分手可以让3月和4月初孵化的幼虫有更长的时间存活,到夏末时长成大个头。我们建议在未来几年检验这些假设。我们还发现,在加拿大群岛一些地区的底部沉积物中,保存着北极鳕鱼定向系统中的耳石或耳石。耳石记录了幼鱼的每日生长情况和成年鱼的年生长情况。我们建议将过去一千年重建的北极鳕鱼丰度和生长与相应的气候变化和冰破裂时间联系起来。最后,我们将通过比较不同海鸟的砂囊中保留的耳石(海鸟捕获的鱼的大小和生长的指数)与用网和拖网捕获的鱼的耳石,来验证快速生长和相对较大的体型可以让年轻的北极鳕鱼避免被海鸟捕食的想法。******加拿大的因纽特人社区、活跃在北极的石油勘探部门和政府机构的决策者(如加拿大能源局、加拿大渔业和海洋、加拿大土著和北方事务)是本研究所产生的对北极海洋生态系统对气候变化和发展的响应的改进理解的最终用户**
项目成果
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Fortier, Louis其他文献
Carbon biomass, elemental ratios (C:N) and stable isotopic composition (δ13C, δ15N) of dominant calanoid copepods during the winter-to-summer transition in the Amundsen Gulf (Arctic Ocean)
- DOI:
10.1093/plankt/fbq103 - 发表时间:
2011-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.1
- 作者:
Forest, Alexandre;Galindo, Virginie;Fortier, Louis - 通讯作者:
Fortier, Louis
Temperature, food and the seasonal vertical migration of key arctic copepods in the thermally stratified Amundsen Gulf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean)
- DOI:
10.1093/plankt/fbu035 - 发表时间:
2014-07-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.1
- 作者:
Darnis, Gerald;Fortier, Louis - 通讯作者:
Fortier, Louis
Copepod production drives recruitment in a marine fish
- DOI:
10.1139/f08-126 - 发表时间:
2008-08-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.4
- 作者:
Castonguay, Martin;Plourde, Stephane;Fortier, Louis - 通讯作者:
Fortier, Louis
Effects of preferred prey density and temperature on feeding success and recent growth in larval mackerel of the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence
- DOI:
10.3354/meps07833 - 发表时间:
2009-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.5
- 作者:
Robert, Dominique;Castonguay, Martin;Fortier, Louis - 通讯作者:
Fortier, Louis
Arctic underwater noise transients from sea ice deformation: Characteristics, annual time series, and forcing in Beaufort Sea
- DOI:
10.1121/1.4929491 - 发表时间:
2015-10-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.4
- 作者:
Kinda, G. Bazile;Simard, Yvan;Fortier, Louis - 通讯作者:
Fortier, Louis
Fortier, Louis的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Fortier, Louis', 18)}}的其他基金
Réponse des écosystèmes marins arctiques au réchauffement climatique
北极海洋生态系统对气候变化的反应
- 批准号:
1000231860-2017 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Canada Research Chairs
Climate and the ecosystem of the Arctic cod
气候和北极鳕鱼的生态系统
- 批准号:
305504-2017 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Climate and the ecosystem of the Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida)
气候和北极鳕鱼(Boreogadus saida)的生态系统
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2017-04831 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Climate and the ecosystem of the Arctic cod
气候和北极鳕鱼的生态系统
- 批准号:
305504-2017 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
Climate and the ecosystem of the Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida)
气候和北极鳕鱼(Boreogadus saida)的生态系统
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2017-04831 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Réponse des écosystèmes marins arctiques au réchauffement climatique
北极海洋生态系统对气候变化的反应
- 批准号:
1000231860-2017 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Canada Research Chairs
ArcticNet, cross-sector research in support of the sustainable development of the Canadian Arctic (ArcticNet) - ArcticNet, recherche trans-sectorielle en appui au développement durable de l'Arctique c
ArcticNet,支持加拿大北极可持续发展的跨部门研究 (ArcticNet) - ArcticNet,recherche trans-sectorielle en appui au développement de lArctique c
- 批准号:
533350-2018 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Networks of Centres of Excellence
Réponse des écosystèmes marins arctiques au réchauffement climatique
北极海洋生态系统对气候变化的反应
- 批准号:
1000231860-2017 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Canada Research Chairs
Climate and the ecosystem of the Arctic cod
气候和北极鳕鱼的生态系统
- 批准号:
305504-2017 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
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气候和北极鳕鱼的生态系统
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- 资助金额:
$ 2.4万 - 项目类别:
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