An Ontological Approach to Modelling and Analysing System Performance

系统性能建模和分析的本体论方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06508
• 负责人: Fox, Mark
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=651046
• 关键词: Ontological; Approach; Modelling; Analysing; System

This research focuses on one aspect of the design and analysis of integrated systems, namely the formalization, standardization and automated analysis of system performance measurement (referred to as Metrics from here on in). One class of systems we wish to study is cities and the performance measures we wish to formalize and analyze are "city indicators." City indicators measure city services and functions, including Education, Health, Safety, Transportation, and Water. "There are thousands of different sets of city (or urban) indicators and hundreds of agencies compiling and reviewing them. . However, these indicators are usually not standardized, consistent or comparable (over time or across cities) ..." (Hornweeg et al., 2007). This problem has been exacerbated by the "Open Data" movement where cities are publishing vast amounts of data, but no two cities nor departments within a city use the same data models (Fox, 2013a). A consequence of this "babel" of open data is that it is difficult to combine, analyze and compare city data. The problem does not end with an agreement on the surface definition of an indicator, as each term within the definition has to be further defined (i.e., grounded) and supporting data provided.**We believe it is possible to identify and create a generic, reusable ontology for Metrics. We believe an ontology can be created by combining existing foundation, heterogeneous ontologies, and extending them with trans-foundation axioms. By heterogeneous, we mean ontologies that span analytical models (e.g., ratios), statistical models (e.g., population measurements), geo-spatial models (e.g., city boundaries), temporal models (e.g., time periods) and description logic models (e.g., definitions of students, teachers, etc.). But also incorporate meta-knowledge such as provenance, validity and trust. We believe that the ontology will make it possible to automate the drilling down and detection of inconsistencies in the supporting, heterogeneous data. Hence, our first objective is to forma

本研究的重点是集成系统设计与分析的一个方面，即系统性能度量的形式化、标准化和自动化分析。我们希望研究的一类系统是城市，我们希望正式化和分析的绩效度量是“城市指标”。“城市指标衡量城市服务和功能，包括教育、卫生、安全、交通和水。“有数千套不同的城市（或城市）指标，数百个机构汇编和审查它们。.然而，这些指标通常不是标准化的、一致的或可比较的（在一段时间内或在不同城市之间）。（Hornweeg等人，2007年）。“开放数据”运动加剧了这一问题，城市发布了大量数据，但没有两个城市或一个城市内的部门使用相同的数据模型（Fox，2013 a）。 这种开放数据的“巴别塔”的一个后果是，很难联合收割机，分析和比较城市数据。问题并不止于就指标的表面定义达成协议，因为定义中的每个术语都必须进一步界定（即，并提供了佐证数据。我们相信，这是有可能的，以确定和创建一个通用的，可重用的本体论。我们相信本体论可以通过结合现有的基础，异构本体论，并扩展它们与跨基础公理。 通过异构，我们指的是跨越分析模型的本体（例如，比率），统计模型（例如，人口测量），地理空间模型（例如，城市边界），时间模型（例如，时间段）和描述逻辑模型（例如，学生、教师等的定义）。但也包括元知识，如出处，有效性和信任。我们相信，本体将使其能够自动钻取和检测的不一致的支持，异构数据。因此，我们的第一个目标是形成