Ozone treatment of combined sewer overflow (CSO) for disinfection and micropollutant control

联合下水道系统的设计是将雨水径流、生活污水和工业废水收集在同一管道中，并将其输送到当地污水处理厂(WWTP)。在暴雨和暴风雪期间，合流下水道的流量高于正常流量。污水处理厂无法处理这些流量，这些流量可能高达工厂设计能力的5到6倍。因此，一部分过剩的雨水和未经处理的废水，也被称为联合下水道溢流(CSO)，必须在几乎没有处理的情况下转移到接收环境中。民间社会组织被用来缓解联合下水道系统的超载，以防止住宅和商业建筑以及当地街道的下水道堵塞。然而，如果民间社会组织未经适当处理而排放到河流中，可能会影响接收水体的水质和环境生态系统。民间社会组织可能含有溶解的污染物，如药品和个人护理产品、颗粒有机物负荷、细菌和病毒。因此，迫切需要加强对民间社会组织的待遇，以减少其对环境的影响。拟议的NSERC合作研究与开发(CRD)计划将在城市污水领域进行全面的基础和应用研究，重点是从工艺原理、处理机制和CSO处理的实际适用性方面深入了解臭氧处理。拟议的CRD方案的总体目标是开发一种有效的臭氧处理方法，以安全地将处理后的民间社会组织释放到环境中。使用臭氧或催化臭氧作为消毒剂和氧化剂可能是一种可行的选择，可以同时提高消毒能力，以满足监管要求并针对民间社会组织中存在的微污染物。这一NSERC CRD计划是废水处理方面的重大进步，提供了一种增强的基于臭氧的处理方法，旨在提高排放到环境中的CSO的整体质量，并促进加拿大环境和人类健康的保护。

Combined sewer systems are designed to collect stormwater runoff, domestic sewage, and industrial wastewater in the same pipe and bring it to the local wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). During heavy rain and snow storms, combined sewers receive higher than normal flows. WWTPs are unable to handle these flows that may be as much as 5 to 6 time the plant's design capacity. Therefore, a portion of the excess stormwater and untreated wastewater, also called combined sewer overflow (CSO), has to be diverted to the receiving environment with little to no treatment. The CSOs are used to alleviate the overloading of the combined sewer system to prevent sewer backups in residential and commercial buildings and local streets. However, CSOs can impact the water quality and environmental ecosystems in the receiving water bodies if they are discharged into rivers without receiving proper treatment. CSOs may contain dissolved contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, particulate organic matter loads, bacteria and viruses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance the treatment of CSOs to reduce their environmental impacts. The proposed NSERC Collaborative Research and Development (CRD) Program will conduct a comprehensive fundamental and applied research in the area of municipal wastewater, with a focus on a deep understanding of ozonation in terms of process fundamentals, treatment mechanisms, and practical applicability for CSO treatment. The overall objective of the proposed CRD Program is to develop an effective ozone-based treatment approach for the safe release of treated CSOs into the environment. Using ozonation or catalytic ozonation as disinfectant and oxidant may be a viable option to simultaneously enhance the disinfection capabilities to meet the regulatory requirements and target micropollutants that are present in CSOs. This NSERC CRD program is a major advancement in wastewater treatment by providing an enhanced ozone-based treatment approach, aiming to improve the overall quality of the discharged CSOs into the environment and promote the protection of the environment and human health in Canada.