Engineered porous materials: computational design and materials production

工程多孔材料：计算设计和材料生产

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05268
• 负责人: Gostick, Jeff
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=652237
• 关键词: Engineered; porous; materials; computational; design

On October 5th, 2016, Canada ratified the Paris Accord, committing us to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 2/3 our 2005 levels by 2030, barely a decade away. Transitioning to a renewable energy economy will require not only political will and financial investment, but also technological solutions. It is a well-known problem that energy produced by wind/sun does not necessarily coincide with demand. Energy storage is a key enabler for a renewable economy since the stored energy can support the grid in periods of high-demand/low-production, thus avoiding power-shortages. Electrochemical energy storage is promising since it's geographically neutral, inherently safe, highly efficient, and potentially low cost; however, realizing this promise will require substantial effort and technology development. To maximize their efficiency, durability, and performance, engineers must design the porous electrodes to promote easy movement of chemical reactants, products, electrons, ions and heat. Though porous media have been studied for decades by geoscientists interested in oil recovery and aquifer management, the study of porous electrodes requires a significantly different approach. The proposed research program will address this need with newer, more appropriate tools, specifically suited to electrodes. These will include innovating computational tools such as pore scale simulations to understand the movement of the reactive species within the electrode materials, novel image analysis tools to study 3D volumetric images (i.e. ‘cat scans') of electrode materials, and manufacturing techniques that provide control over the structure of the material, which allows information from the modeling and imaging to guide the production. Overall, this program aims to make more effective electrodes that perform better and therefore more cost effective. This will provide electrochemical energy storage devices with the impetus they need to become economically competitive with the current petroleum based infrastructure.

2016年10月5日，加拿大批准了《巴黎协定》，承诺到2030年将温室气体排放量减少到2005年水平的2/3，这仅仅是十年的时间。向可再生能源经济转型不仅需要政治意愿和财政投资，还需要技术解决方案。风能/太阳能不一定满足需求，这是一个众所周知的问题。储能是可再生能源经济的关键推动因素，因为存储的能源可以在高需求/低产量时期支持电网，从而避免电力短缺。电化学储能具有地理中性、固有的安全性、高效率和潜在的低成本，因此前景广阔；然而，实现这一承诺将需要大量的努力和技术开发。为了最大限度地提高其效率，耐用性和性能，工程师必须设计多孔电极，以促进化学反应物，产品，电子，离子和热量的容易运动。尽管对石油开采和含水层管理感兴趣的地球科学家已经对多孔介质进行了数十年的研究，但对多孔电极的研究需要一种截然不同的方法。拟议的研究计划将用更新、更合适的工具来解决这一需求，特别是适用于电极的工具。这些将包括创新的计算工具，如孔隙尺度模拟，以了解电极材料中活性物质的运动，新型图像分析工具，研究电极材料的3D体积图像（即“cat扫描”），以及控制材料结构的制造技术，这使得建模和成像的信息能够指导生产。总的来说，这个项目旨在制造更有效的电极，性能更好，因此更具成本效益。这将为电化学储能装置提供动力，使其在经济上与目前的石油基础设施竞争。