Dynamics of the Morphological Features of Microbial Structures in Engineered Environmental Systems

工程环境系统中微生物结构形态特征的动力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05422
• 负责人: Liss, Steven
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=657717
• 关键词: Dynamics; Morphological; Features; Microbial; Structures

2014 will mark the 100th anniversary of the activated sludge process-the dominant technology still applied to biological wastewater treatment. Today, wastewater management issues in Canada and globally include the costs of infrastructure renewal and operations, reducing energy consumption, improving treatment requirements for emerging contaminants, water reuse, energy and resource recovery, and the development and adoption of advanced technologies. Engineers and scientists recognize that new solutions to water management issues will draw upon integration of new tools and advancements in microbiology and biotechnology. **The research proposed employs novel advanced analytical and experimental approaches developed in our laboratory to study the morphological features and physicochemical properties of microbial structures and the communities within. Importantly, the focus is on the dynamic features and changes in structures: as flocs become granules, destabilization of structures including periodic sloughing events in hybrid integrated fixed-film activated sludge systems (IFAS); and the interactions between suspended forms (flocs and granules) and biofilms in the IFAS system. These are relevant not only to understanding fundamental features of these structures but to important design and operating criteria in the application of granular sludge (time to develop granules and their stability) and IFAS reactors (biofilm thickness control and stability). **At a fundamental level the operation of laboratory-scale IFAS reactors permits the opportunity to examine flocs, granules and films in the same reactor operated under well-controlled conditions. Our understanding of the role of extracellular polymeric substances, is improving but incomplete. The roles of proteins, and adhesins in particular, and interactions with polysaccharides in the extracellular polymeric substances of complex microbial communities associated with flocs and films and at microbial interfaces within engineered environmental systems will be explored further. **A key role for the research program is in the development of HQP and the transfer expertise on the application of important new and novel techniques and methods to young trainees and investigators (scientists and engineers) working on environmental problems. Training has been central to the applicant's research program and this will be further enhanced through participation in the NSERC supported CREATE-TWNER (Clean Technologies for Water Refining and Nutrient and Energy Recovery) program.

2014年将是活性污泥法100周年，活性污泥法仍是生物废水处理中的主导技术。今天，加拿大和全球的废水管理问题包括基础设施更新和运营的成本、降低能源消耗、改善对新出现污染物的处理要求、水再利用、能源和资源回收，以及开发和采用先进技术。工程师和科学家认识到，水管理问题的新解决方案将利用微生物学和生物技术方面的新工具和进步。**拟议的研究采用了我们实验室开发的先进的新的分析和实验方法，以研究微生物结构和其中的群落的形态特征和物理化学性质。重要的是，重点放在结构的动态特征和变化上：当絮体变成颗粒时，结构的不稳定，包括混合集成固定膜活性污泥系统(IFAS)中的周期性坍塌事件；以及IFAS系统中悬浮形态(絮体和颗粒)与生物膜之间的相互作用。这些不仅与了解这些结构的基本特征有关，而且与颗粒污泥(形成颗粒的时间及其稳定性)和IFAS反应器(生物膜厚度控制和稳定性)应用中的重要设计和操作标准有关。*在基本层面上，实验室规模的IFAS反应堆的运行使人们有机会在同一个运行条件良好的反应器中检查絮体、颗粒和薄膜。我们对胞外聚合物的作用的了解正在改善，但还不完整。蛋白质，特别是粘附素的作用，以及与多糖在与絮体和薄膜相关的复杂微生物群落的胞外聚合物中的作用，以及在工程环境系统中的微生物界面上的相互作用，将进一步探讨。**研究计划的一个关键作用是制定HQP，并向致力于环境问题的年轻学员和研究人员(科学家和工程师)转让应用重要新技术和方法的专业知识。培训一直是申请者研究计划的核心，通过参与NSERC支持的CREATE-TWNER(用于水精炼和营养与能量回收的清洁技术)计划，这一点将得到进一步加强。