Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics of Habitat Selection

我的研究开发并测试了将个体有机体的行为与其对生物种群和生态社区的影响联系起来的理论。我们特别感兴趣的是了解管理栖息地使用和觅食行为的决定如何能够创造新的物种，使竞争物种能够共存，预测气候变化对生物多样性的影响，并减少灭绝的风险。*我们的目标是通过理论、实地研究和决定性实验的结合来促进理解，利用我们的Habitron，这是一个全球独一无二的现场实验室，专门设计来评估栖息地选择的多种后果。我们将使用Habitron的24个防鼠围栏来控制栖息地的质量和啮齿动物在栖息地之间的扩散，以及啮齿动物的密度、人口统计学和表现出大胆和害羞个性的啮齿动物的频率。这些操作将使我们能够探索被捕食物种对捕食风险中栖息地差异的反应方式，以及不同栖息地配置如何影响扩散。我们将利用有关扩散的知识来评估不同质量的栖息地之间的运动是否可以减少灭绝的可能性或有助于创造新的物种。*我们还将在我们的研究实验室对无脊椎动物进行受控实验。这些研究将探索栖息地选择调节种群数量的能力。我们尤其对测试理论感兴趣，该理论预测，从源头扩散到所谓的汇栖息地(依赖迁徙维持种群的栖息地)可以稳定种群，否则种群将在灭绝的边缘危险地波动。*我们将用自然系统中正在进行的研究来补充这两组实验。努纳武特的研究将评估棕色旅鼠和衣领旅鼠的个性差异是否可以解释它们数量的大幅波动，并有助于预测未来气候变化下的栖息地使用情况。安大略省南部的研究将建立在我们37年来对白足小鼠的研究基础上，以评估有记录的繁殖差异是否与气候变化有关。*我的研究计划因此提供了许多途径，我们可以沿着这些途径推进我们对生态学和进化的基本理解，同时也为气候变化、栖息地丧失和生物多样性下降等问题提供政策和实际解决方案。

My research develops and tests theory linking the behaviour of individual organisms with its consequences to biological populations and ecological communities. We are particularly interested in learning how decisions governing habitat use and foraging behavior can act to create new species, enable coexistence of competing species, predict the consequences of climate change on biodiversity, and reduce the risks of extinction. ******We aim to advance understanding with a combination of theory, field studies, and definitive experiments that take advantage of our Habitron, a globally unique field laboratory designed specifically to assess the manifold consequences of habitat selection. We will use the Habitron's 24 rodent-proof enclosures to manipulate habitat quality and dispersal of rodents among habitats, as well as rodent density, demography, and the frequency of rodents expressing bold versus shy personalities. These manipulations will allow us to explore the ways that prey species respond to habitat differences in predation risk, and how different configurations of habitat impact dispersal. We will use the knowledge on dispersal to evaluate whether movement among habitats of varying quality can reduce the likelihood of extinction or help to create new species. ******We will also conduct controlled experiments on invertebrates in our research lab. These studies will explore the ability of habitat selection to regulate population size. We are especially interested in testing theory predicting that dispersal from source to so-called sink habitats (habitats that rely on immigration to sustain their populations) can stabilize populations that would otherwise fluctuate dangerously close to the edge of extinction.******We will complement both sets of experiments with on-going studies in natural systems. Research in Nunavut will evaluate whether differences in personalities between brown and collared lemmings can account for their wide fluctuations in abundance, and help to forecast future habitat use under climate change. Research in southern Ontario will build on our 37-yr study of white-footed mice to assess whether documented differences in reproduction are linked with climate change. ******My research program thus provides numerous avenues along which we can advance our fundamental understanding of ecology and evolution while also informing policy and practical solutions to problems of climate change, habitat loss, and declining biodiversity.