BoCP-Implementation: Eco-evolutionary dynamics of rewilding: Real-time genetic monitoring of large-mammal community reassembly

BoCP-实施:野化的生态进化动力学:大型哺乳动物群落重组的实时基因监测

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2225088
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-01-01 至 2027-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Large wild animals are ecologically and economically important, but their populations are shrinking, and many species are threatened with extinction. A growing number of initiatives seek to reverse these trends by restoring wildlife populations, but the scientific foundation for guiding these efforts is weak. One key obstacle to understanding how and why wildlife populations increase in abundance (or not) is the difficulty of measuring the survival and reproduction of individual animals. The two main aims of this research are to test new methods for monitoring wildlife populations using DNA collected non-invasively from fecal samples, and to apply these methods to understand the process of wildlife recovery in Mozambique’s Gorongosa National Park. This project focuses on Gorongosa because it is the world’s premiere example of large-scale wildlife restoration. The park’s large mammals were nearly eliminated during a long civil war, but most species are now rapidly recovering. This creates unique opportunities to understand how a whole community of animals reassembles from scratch. The research also has a range of broader benefits. First, the techniques devised and validated during this project will be applicable for basic research, wildlife monitoring, and environmental management elsewhere throughout the world. Second, knowledge gained from the research will be directly applied to conserve species that are at risk of extinction. Third, the project will build capacity for cutting-edge genomic analyses in Mozambique, where no such facilities currently exist. Fourth, a diverse group of early-career scientists based in the United States will be trained on the project. Results of the research will be communicated in non-specialist terms to a broad audience, deepening public understanding of Gorongosa’s hopeful story of environmental recovery.This project draws on rapidly advancing genomic capabilities to address a fundamental challenge at the interface of ecology and evolutionary biology: the ability to measure reproductive success and its phenotypic, demographic, and environmental correlates. By sequencing environmental DNA in fecal samples, the investigators will attempt to construct pedigrees and use genomic mark-recapture methods to estimate population sizes and key demographic parameters such as birth and death rates. DNA from the same fecal samples will be sequenced to assess diet composition, gut microbiomes, and gastrointestinal parasites. Based on these data, the research team will answer a suite of questions about the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of a recovering large-mammal community, including: How does the loss and subsequent recovery of top predators affect prey fitness as a function of individual behavior? Does a recovering community tend towards its historical state, or instead follow alternative trajectories? Do behavioral anomalies in small, reintroduced populations persist or dissipate as the population grows? How does a collapsed food web reassemble, and what can this tell us about the mechanisms by which biodiversity is maintained?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
大型野生动物在生态和经济上都很重要,但它们的数量正在减少,许多物种面临灭绝的威胁。越来越多的倡议试图通过恢复野生动物种群来扭转这些趋势,但指导这些努力的科学基础薄弱。理解野生动物种群如何以及为什么大量增加(或不增加)的一个关键障碍是难以衡量个体动物的生存和繁殖。这项研究的两个主要目的是测试新的方法,监测野生动物种群使用非侵入性收集的粪便样本的DNA,并应用这些方法来了解在莫桑比克戈龙戈萨国家公园的野生动物恢复的过程。该项目的重点是戈龙戈萨,因为它是世界上大规模野生动物恢复的典范。公园里的大型哺乳动物在长期内战中几乎被消灭,但大多数物种现在正在迅速恢复。这为了解整个动物群落如何从头开始重新组合创造了独特的机会。这项研究还有一系列更广泛的好处。首先,在这个项目中设计和验证的技术将适用于世界其他地方的基础研究、野生动物监测和环境管理。其次,从研究中获得的知识将直接用于保护濒临灭绝的物种。第三,该项目将在莫桑比克建立尖端基因组分析的能力,因为莫桑比克目前没有这种设施。第四,一批来自美国的各种各样的早期职业科学家将接受该项目的培训。研究结果将以非专业术语传达给广大受众,加深公众对戈龙戈萨环境恢复的希望故事的理解。该项目利用快速发展的基因组能力来解决生态学和进化生物学界面的基本挑战:测量生殖成功及其表型,人口统计学和环境相关性的能力。通过对粪便样本中的环境DNA进行测序,研究人员将试图构建谱系,并使用基因组标记重捕获方法来估计人口规模和关键人口统计参数,如出生率和死亡率。将对相同粪便样本的DNA进行测序,以评估饮食组成、肠道微生物组和胃肠道寄生虫。基于这些数据,研究小组将回答一系列关于恢复中的大型哺乳动物群落的生态和进化动力学的问题,包括:顶级捕食者的损失和随后的恢复如何影响猎物适应度作为个体行为的函数?一个正在复苏的社区是趋向于它的历史状态,还是遵循另一种轨迹?在小规模的重新引入的种群中,行为异常是持续存在还是随着种群的增长而消失?一个崩溃的食物网是如何重组的,这能告诉我们什么关于生物多样性维持的机制?该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Trait-based sensitivity of large mammals to a catastrophic tropical cyclone
大型哺乳动物对灾难性热带气旋的基于性状的敏感性
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41586-023-06722-0
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    64.8
  • 作者:
    Walker, Reena H.;Hutchinson, Matthew C.;Becker, Justine A.;Daskin, Joshua H.;Gaynor, Kaitlyn M.;Palmer, Meredith S.;Gonçalves, Dominique D.;Stalmans, Marc E.;Denlinger, Jason;Bouley, Paola
  • 通讯作者:
    Bouley, Paola
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Robert Pringle其他文献

Robert Pringle的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Robert Pringle', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Allometry of Behavior in Spatially Patterned Resource Landscapes
合作研究:空间格局资源景观中行为的异速生长
  • 批准号:
    1656527
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Plant defenses in African savannas: testing the effects of induced and associational defenses on plant phenotype, fitness and diversity
论文研究:非洲稀树草原的植物防御:测试诱导防御和关联防御对植物表型、适应性和多样性的影响
  • 批准号:
    1601538
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Predation, Competition, and Establishment Dynamics within an Insular Adaptive Radiation
岛屿自适应辐射内的捕食、竞争和建立动态
  • 批准号:
    1457697
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Testing the effects of large mammalian herbivores on savanna dynamics and community structure with regional- and continent-scale natural experiments
论文研究:通过区域和大陆规模的自然实验测试大型哺乳动物食草动物对稀树草原动态和群落结构的影响
  • 批准号:
    1501306
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
International Research Fellowship Program: Ecological Consequences of Large-Herbivore Declines under Different Rainfall Regimes
国际研究奖学金计划:不同降雨情况下大型草食动物数量减少的生态后果
  • 批准号:
    0852961
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship

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Collaborative Research: BoCP-Implementation: Testing Evolutionary Models of Biotic Survival and Recovery from the Permo-Triassic Mass Extinction and Climate Crisis
合作研究:BoCP-实施:测试二叠纪-三叠纪大规模灭绝和气候危机中生物生存和恢复的进化模型
  • 批准号:
    2325380
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
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Collaborative Research: BoCP-Implementation: Alpine plants as a model system for biodiversity dynamics in a warming world: Integrating genetic, functional, and community approaches
合作研究:BoCP-实施:高山植物作为变暖世界中生物多样性动态的模型系统:整合遗传、功能和社区方法
  • 批准号:
    2326020
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: BoCP-Implementation: Alpine plants as a model system for biodiversity dynamics in a warming world: Integrating genetic, functional, and community approaches
合作研究:BoCP-实施:高山植物作为变暖世界中生物多样性动态的模型系统:整合遗传、功能和社区方法
  • 批准号:
    2326021
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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Collaborative Research: Implementation Grant: Active Societal Participation In Research and Education
合作研究:实施补助金:社会积极参与研究和教育
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  • 批准号:
    2345273
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 248.87万
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HSI Implementation and Evaluation Project: Green Chemistry: Advancing Equity, Relevance, and Environmental Justice
HSI 实施和评估项目:绿色化学:促进公平、相关性和环境正义
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HSI Implementation and Evaluation Project: Blending Socioeconomic-Inclusive Design into Undergraduate Computing Curricula to Build a Larger Computing Workforce
HSI 实施和评估项目:将社会经济包容性设计融入本科计算机课程,以建立更大规模的计算机队伍
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    2345334
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Collaborative Research: IMPLEMENTATION: Broadening participation of marginalized individuals to transform SABER and biology education
合作研究:实施:扩大边缘化个人的参与,以改变 SABER 和生物教育
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