Northern aquatic microbiomes faced with rapid environmental change.

微生物是水生生态系统的重要组成部分。我的研究计划调查生物多样性，代谢的多样性，以及这些重要的水生微生物的进化使用新的基因组学为基础的分子方法。正在调查的水生生态系统包括北部海洋、河口，以及最近季节性冰雪覆盖的北部湖泊。所有这些生态系统都不同程度地受到气候变化和其他人为干扰的影响。我的研究计划是协调提供微生物分布和活动如何受到这些环境压力的影响的见解，长期目标是发展对水生生态系统中微生物如何响应环境变化的预测性理解。以前，我们采用先进的基因组学方法来发现和描述沿海和河口海洋系统中重要的碳、氮和硫循环代谢途径。****在过去成功的基础上，该研究项目正在扩大，以调查快速变化的北冰洋和季节性冰雪覆盖的北部湖泊中的微生物。具体目标包括：(1)评估快速变化的湖泊微生物群落结构和功能的年际变异性；(2)利用比较基因组学鉴定湖泊特有的微生物类群并表征其适应性状；(3)评估北部湖泊无冰期和覆盖期微生物群落结构和功能的变异性。****方案目标将由一个研究小组处理，该小组将纳入关于环境变化对水生生态系统影响的大规模合作研究。作为正在进行的海洋学监测计划的一部分，我们可以访问过去10年来在整个北冰洋收集的微生物样本的独特档案。此外，我们还从魁北克不同地区的三个湖泊观测站收集了无冰和被冰覆盖的时期的微生物样本，形成了多年的档案。利用各种“培养无关”的分子方法，包括宏基因组学和原位基因表达分析，我们将提供这些变化的北方生态系统中微生物分布和活动的前所未有的观点。****该研究项目产生的见解对于预测微生物群落结构和功能与由于气候变化而发生变化的物理和生物地球化学过程之间关系的模型的发展至关重要。这项工作将通过揭示与加拿大北部水域变化条件相关的微生物多样性和代谢的先前未被认识的模式，为微生物生态学和海洋学领域提供新的见解

Microorganisms are a diverse and important component of aquatic ecosystems. My research program investigates the biodiversity, metabolic versatility, and evolution of these important aquatic microbes using novel genomics-based molecular approaches. Aquatic ecosystems under investigation include northern oceans, estuaries, and most recently, seasonally ice-covered northern lakes. All these ecosystems are impacted by climate change and other anthropogenic perturbations to varying degrees. My research program is coordinated to provide insights into how microbial distributions and activities may be influenced by these environmental pressures and the long-term objective is to develop a predictive understanding of how microorganisms respond to environmental variability in aquatic ecosystems. Previously, we employed advanced genomics approaches to discover and describe important carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling metabolic pathways in coastal and estuarine marine systems. ****Based on past successes, the research program is expanding to investigate microbes in the rapidly changing Arctic Ocean and seasonally ice-covered northern lakes. Specific objectives include: (1) to assess the interannual variability of microbial community structure and function in the rapidly changing AO, (2) to identify microbial taxa that are endemic to the AO and characterize their adaptive traits using comparative genomics, (3) to assess the variability of microbial community structure and function in northern lakes during ice-free and ice-covered periods of the year. ****Program objectives will be addressed by a research team that is integrated into large-scale collaborative studies on the influence of environmental change on aquatic ecosystems. We have access to a unique archive of microbial samples collected throughout the Arctic Ocean over the past 10 years as part of an ongoing oceanographic monitoring program. In addition, we have generated a multi-year archive of microbial samples collected throughout the ice-free and ice-covered periods from three lake observatories located in different regions of Quebec. Using a variety of ‘cultivation-independent' molecular methods including metagenomics and in situ gene expression analysis, we will provide an unprecedented view of microbial distributions and activities in these changing northern ecosystems.****Insights generated by the research program will be essential in the development of models that predict the relationships between microbial community structure and function and the physical and biogeochemical processes that are shifting as a result of climate change. This work will provide novel insight in the fields of microbial ecology and oceanography by revealing previously unrecognized patterns in microbial diversity and metabolism associated with changing conditions in the Canadian northern waters.**