Development of Methodologies for Improving Water Quality Management

开发改善水质管理的方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05313
• 负责人: He, Jianxun
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678655
• 关键词: Development; Methodologies; Improving; Water; Quality

Heightened concerns over water quality and ecosystem degradation have led to increased interest in water quality management. Broadly speaking, the overall objective of water quality management is to maintain or improve the existing condition of water bodies, thereby providing quality water for potable consumption, irrigation, and industrial and recreational uses. In rivers, two types of major factors: natural environmental factors and human-induced changes (e.g. changes in land use and climate), considerably influence surface water quality. In particular, the natural processes, such as hydrological and meteorological processes, which are also affected by human activities, play a significant role in the variability of surface water quality. Furthermore, the factors that govern natural processes are highly variable throughout the year and from one year to the next. The complex combination of a variety of different variable processes consequently results in distinct mechanisms that substantially alter water quality. * Correct identification and sufficient understanding of these highly variable and interlinked processes are of crucial importance to successful water quality management. It is, however, a great challenge to appropriately account for the varying roles of the key influencing factors in water quality statistical analysis and modeling that can assist practitioners in making proper management decisions. Research on new approaches, where the varying roles of the influencing factors are explicitly considered and integrated in management strategies, would hence provide a significant and valuable contribution towards developing more responsible and effective water quality management.* This research attempts to uncover what and how environmental factors as well as anthropogenic activities affect water quality in a quantitative way. New approaches will be developed to take into account the interconnections between water quality and its key influencing factors into the statistical analysis of water quality data. As a result, the spatial and temporal variations of water quality under the influence of multiple interacting factors will be quantitatively delineated in a multivariate setting. The role of the key influencing factors will subsequently be incorporated into developing a better-informed water quality management to identify the disturbances that degrade water quality. Moreover, regime-based water quality models will be developed to predict the effects of given inputs of pollutants under varying environmental conditions. Hydrologically dependent pollutant loading management for point (e.g., effluent from wastewater treatment plants) and non-point (e.g., storm water runoff) sources of pollution will also be developed to account for the assimilation capacity of streams under varying flow conditions.* The proposed research program will result in methods and techniques that will help strengthening our understanding of the interrelationship between various key factors and water quality variations. The developed approaches for quantitatively measuring the effects of these factors on water quality will present a viable path to correctly explain the complex water quality phenomena. Furthermore, the integration of the roles of these factors into management practices will be essential for establishing more responsible and cost-effective water quality management.

对水质和生态系统退化的高度关注导致对水质管理的兴趣增加。一般来说，水质管理的总体目标是维持或改善水体的现有状况，从而为饮用、灌溉、工业和娱乐用途提供优质水。在河流中，两类主要因素：自然环境因素和人为变化（如土地利用和气候变化）对地表水质量有很大影响。特别是受人类活动影响的自然过程，如水文和气象过程，在地表水质量变率中起着重要作用。此外，支配自然过程的因素在全年和每年之间变化很大。各种不同的可变过程的复杂组合结果导致了显著改变水质的不同机制。*正确识别和充分了解这些高度多变和相互关联的过程，对成功的水质管理至关重要。然而，如何恰当地解释水质统计分析和建模中关键影响因素的不同作用是一个巨大的挑战，这些因素可以帮助从业者做出适当的管理决策。因此，研究新办法，明确考虑到各种影响因素的不同作用，并将其纳入管理战略，将对发展更负责任和更有效的水质管理作出重大和宝贵的贡献。*这项研究试图以定量的方式揭示环境因素以及人为活动对水质的影响。将制订新的办法，在对水质数据进行统计分析时考虑到水质及其关键影响因素之间的相互联系。从而在多变量环境下定量描绘出多种相互作用因素影响下的水质时空变化。随后，将把关键影响因素的作用纳入发展一种更知情的水质管理，以查明使水质退化的干扰因素。此外，将开发基于制度的水质模型，以预测在不同环境条件下给定污染物输入的影响。还将开发点污染源（例如废水处理厂的污水）和非点污染源（例如暴雨径流）的水文相关污染物负荷管理，以考虑不同流量条件下溪流的同化能力。*拟议的研究计划将产生有助于加强我们对各种关键因素与水质变化之间相互关系的理解的方法和技术。定量测量这些因素对水质影响的方法将为正确解释复杂的水质现象提供一条可行的途径。此外，将这些因素的作用纳入管理做法对于建立更负责任和更具成本效益的水质管理是必不可少的。