Development of Liquid Biofuels and Chiral Molecules from Biomass

液体生物燃料和生物质手性分子的开发

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04211
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.68万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Since the beginning of the 21st century, human civilization has been facing two major problems: the depletion of fossil fuels, and environmental problems caused by the extensive use of fossil fuels for the production of energy and a variety of chemicals. An effective way to address these concerns, without sacrificing our living standards, is to use biomass instead of fossil fuels as an alternative source of raw material for producing energy and chemicals. The use of low value biomass such as agricultural and forestry residues, animal manure, algae and agri-food processing waste is highly desirable as it does not compete with the production of agricultural and forestry products. **The long term goal of this proposed program is to develop technically feasible, economically viable and environmentally friendly processes for producing high quality liquid biofuels and value-added chiral compounds from biomass wastes. **One of the two proposed research themes is focused on the production of high quality transportation fuels meeting the requirements of existing infrastructure (e.g. vehicle engines, pipelines and filling stations). Hydrothermal liquefaction technology will be employed to co-liquefy a variety of biomass wastes in order to increase crude bio-oil yield and optimize the product distribution. Subsequently, novel catalysts will be developed and applied to upgrade crude bio-oil into biofuels which are comparable to the fuels derived from petroleum. Anticipated outcomes will reduce dependence on fossil fuels, improve sustainability, and add extra revenue streams to agricultural, forestry and aquaculture sectors. **The other research theme is the development of efficient processes for the production of pure chiral molecules. Chiral molecules are ones that can rearrange their structure to give rise to mirror image forms. These mirror image forms, called enantiomers, are not identical. The chiral nature of molecules has a major concern in the pharmaceutical industry, since the different enantiomers of a chiral drug molecule may cause very distinct reactions, when interacted with proteins, sugars and DNA in living organisms. A dramatic example is the thalidomide tragedy happened in the early 1960s, when thalidomide was sold as a mixture of two enantiomers. One enantiomer of thalidomide alleviated morning sickness while the other enantiomer caused birth defects. There has been a rapidly growing demand of pure enantiomer compounds for a safer drug formulation.The proposed research will target at two technologies for the preparation of single enantiomers: one, a twist on a conventional method (crystallization resolution) , and the second, an emerging research area, based on the extraction of small chiral molecule building blocks from crude bio-oil derived from liquefaction of biomass. Anticipated outcomes will provide pharmaceutical industries more efficient and cost-effective processes to obtain single enantiomer compounds, reducing the costs of the early stage of chiral drug development.
进入21世纪以来,人类文明面临着两大问题:一是化石燃料的枯竭,二是大量使用化石燃料生产能源和各种化学品所造成的环境问题。在不牺牲我们生活水平的前提下,解决这些问题的有效方法是使用生物质能代替化石燃料,作为生产能源和化学品的原材料的替代来源。利用低价值的生物质,如农业和林业残留物、动物粪便、藻类和农业食品加工废物是非常可取的,因为它不会与农业和林业产品的生产竞争。**这个拟议项目的长期目标是开发技术上可行、经济上可行和环境友好的工艺,从生物质废物中生产高质量的液体生物燃料和增值的手性化合物。**两个建议的研究主题之一是集中于生产符合现有基础设施(例如车辆发动机、管道和加油站)要求的高质量运输燃料。采用水热液化技术对多种生物质废弃物进行共液化,以提高原油产量,优化产品分布。随后,新型催化剂将被开发和应用于将原油转化为可与石油燃料相媲美的生物燃料。预期结果将减少对化石燃料的依赖,提高可持续性,并为农业、林业和水产养殖部门增加额外的收入来源。**另一个研究主题是开发生产纯手性分子的有效工艺。手性分子是可以重新排列其结构以产生镜像形式的分子。这些镜像形式,称为对映体,是不相同的。分子的手性性质是制药工业关注的主要问题,因为手性药物分子的不同对映体在与生物体中的蛋白质、糖和DNA相互作用时可能引起非常不同的反应。一个戏剧性的例子是发生在20世纪60年代初的沙利度胺悲剧,当时沙利度胺作为两种对映体的混合物出售。沙利度胺的一种对映体减轻了孕吐,而另一种对映体则导致了出生缺陷。为了更安全的药物配方,对纯对映体化合物的需求迅速增长。拟议的研究将针对制备单一对映体的两种技术:一种是传统方法(结晶分解)的一种转变,另一种是新兴的研究领域,基于从生物质液化衍生的原油中提取小手性分子构建块。预期的结果将为制药行业提供更有效和更具成本效益的方法来获得单一对映体化合物,降低手性药物开发早期阶段的成本。

项目成果

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He, Quan(Sophia)其他文献

He, Quan(Sophia)的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('He, Quan(Sophia)', 18)}}的其他基金

Biorefinery of low value/waste biomass to produce bio-products and process intensification
低价值/废弃生物质的生物精炼厂生产生物产品和工艺强化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2020-05695
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Biorefinery of low value/waste biomass to produce bio-products and process intensification
低价值/废弃生物质的生物精炼厂生产生物产品和工艺强化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2020-05695
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Biorefinery of low value/waste biomass to produce bio-products and process intensification
低价值/废弃生物质的生物精炼厂生产生物产品和工艺强化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2020-05695
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Development of Liquid Biofuels and Chiral Molecules from Biomass
液体生物燃料和生物质手性分子的开发
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04211
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.68万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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固体和液体生物燃料燃烧的基本过程
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