Sustainable Transportation Planning

可持续交通规划

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06289
• 负责人: Errico, Fausto
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: École de technologie supérieure
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=679433
• 关键词: Sustainable; Transportation; Planning

The road-transportation economy has been identified as a major cause of the rise of Green-House Gas (GHG) emissions. On the one hand, this is due to the fact that vehicle traffic on roads is constantly increasing. On the other, the large majority of vehicles are still powered by traditional fossil fuels. In the last years, many international agreements have been signed, committing governments to decrease GHG emission trends. As a result, several strategies have been adopted at local and national levels, including improvements in the performance of public transit, the promotion of alternative mobility and freight distribution paradigms, and the adoption of non-fossil fueled vehicles.******This research program is axed on two main themes. The first contributes to improving the public transit system by focusing on the planning of a new transit paradigm called Semi-flexible Transit System (STS). STSs aim to provide demand-responsive service within the framework of regularly-scheduled transit. Combining characteristics of traditional and on-demand systems, STSs require an extremely complex planning activity. There is a considerable gap, however, in the current methodology, preventing generalized successful implementations of such systems. The first objective of this proposal is to close such a gap by improving STS planning methods to cope with real-size applications, data uncertainty, and more suitable operational policies.******The second theme considers the challenges of operating vehicles powered by alternative fuels, and focuses on routing problems for Battery Equipped Vehicles (BEVs). BEVs are vehicles powered by a pure electric engine and a battery. At the moment, they present two main drawbacks: 1) the battery allows a limited driving range and 2) the recharging infrastructure is sparse and unevenly distributed. The second objective of this proposal is to build tools to efficiently schedule battery--recharging operations along vehicle routes, thus reducing the impact of BEVs limited driving range. In particular, several real-life situations will be addressed, such as the limited capacity of the recharging facilities, the existing differences in recharging speed and prices, as well as new promising technologies, such as Inductive Charging.******This research program is expected to stimulate and facilitate the transition of the road-transportation economy towards new paradigms and technologies, with the anticipation of significantly contributing to the reduction of GHG emissions.**

公路运输经济已被确定为温室气体排放量上升的主要原因。一方面，这是由于道路上的车辆交通不断增加。另一方面，绝大多数车辆仍然由传统的化石燃料驱动。在过去的几年里，签署了许多国际协议，承诺各国政府减少温室气体排放的趋势。因此，在地方和国家层面采取了一些战略，包括改善公共交通的性能，促进替代性流动和货运配送模式，以及采用非化石燃料车辆。这项研究计划主要围绕两个主题展开。第一个项目致力于改善公共交通系统，重点是规划一种称为半灵活交通系统的新的交通模式。运输服务站的目标是在定期运输的框架内提供需求响应服务。结合传统和按需系统的特点，STS需要一个非常复杂的规划活动。然而，在目前的方法中存在着相当大的差距，妨碍了普遍成功地实施这种系统。本提案的第一个目标是通过改进STS规划方法来弥补这一差距，以科普实际规模的应用、数据的不确定性和更合适的运营政策。第二个主题考虑了由替代燃料驱动的运营车辆的挑战，并侧重于电池装备车辆（BEV）的路由问题。BEV是由纯电动发动机和电池驱动的车辆。目前，它们存在两个主要缺点：1）电池允许有限的行驶里程，2）充电基础设施稀疏且分布不均匀。该提案的第二个目标是建立工具，以有效地安排电池充电操作沿着车辆路线，从而减少电动汽车有限的行驶里程的影响。特别是，将解决几个现实生活中的情况，如充电设施的容量有限，充电速度和价格的现有差异，以及新的有前途的技术，如感应充电。这项研究计划预计将刺激和促进道路运输经济向新的模式和技术的过渡，预计将为减少温室气体排放做出重大贡献。