Ground ice and biogeochemistry of permafrost: environmental consequences of permafrost degradation to a warmer-wetter climate.

地冰和永久冻土的生物地球化学：永久冻土退化对温暖湿润气候的环境影响。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-03997
• 负责人: Lacelle, Denis
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=681854
• 关键词: Ground; ice; biogeochemistry; permafrost; environmental

Permafrost occupies 40-50% of Canada's landmass and plays a crucial role in cold-climate environments. Ice-rich permafrost environments are destabilizing and may undergo substantial modification as landscapes adjust to changing climate. These changing permafrost conditions are expected to have a significant effect on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and are also directly impacting human activities in the Canadian Arctic. Finally, changes to permafrost enhance global warming due to the release of trapped greenhouse gases and mineralization of soil organic carbon in the thawing permafrost.***The long-term goal of my research program is to understand and explain the physical and (bio)geochemical processes that shape(d) and define(d) permafrost environments during the past, present and future. Specifically, the objectives of this proposal are to: 1) investigate the distribution, origin and age of ice-rich permafrost in Arctic Canada and the response of these landscapes to warmer-wetter climate; and 2) investigate the biogeochemistry between the various layers of permafrost and for various landforms and their relation to thermal and moisture conditions. The research will be conducted at sites ranging from the low Arctic to the high Arctic. The research activities will involve the training of 13 students in field-based multi-disciplinary permafrost studies and the result will contribute to an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of ground ice and biogeochemistry permafrost under a range of climate, landforms and ecosystems. The proposed project is creative and original because it addresses fundamental data and knowledge gaps that are highly relevant to understanding how climate change and associated shifts in climate and ecological zones may impact processes occurring in permafrost systems. The research results will be directly relevant to northern communities, decision-makers and global climate modelers as we adapt to a changing world.

永久冻土占加拿大陆地面积的40%-50%，在寒冷的气候环境中发挥着至关重要的作用。富含冰的永久冻土环境正在破坏稳定，随着地貌适应气候变化，可能会发生重大变化。这些不断变化的永久冻土条件预计将对陆地和水生生态系统产生重大影响，并直接影响加拿大北极地区的人类活动。最后，由于温室气体的释放和土壤有机碳在融化的多年冻土中的矿化，多年冻土的变化加剧了全球变暖。*我研究计划的长期目标是了解和解释在过去、现在和未来塑造(D)和定义(D)永久冻土环境的物理和(生物)地球化学过程。具体地说，这项提议的目的是：1)调查加拿大北极地区富冰永久冻土的分布、来源和年龄，以及这些景观对更温暖、更潮湿的气候的响应；以及2)调查不同冻土层之间和不同地貌之间的生物地球化学及其与热和湿度条件的关系。这项研究将在从低北极到高北极的各种地点进行。研究活动将涉及对13名学生进行实地多学科永久冻土研究的培训，其结果将有助于深入了解各种气候、地形和生态系统下的地面冰和生物地球化学永久冻土的动态。拟议的项目具有创造性和原创性，因为它解决了与理解气候变化以及气候和生态区的相关变化可能如何影响永久冻土系统中发生的过程高度相关的基本数据和知识差距。随着我们适应不断变化的世界，研究结果将与北方社区、决策者和全球气候建模人员直接相关。