Evaluating the origins of the preferred hand and manual performance asymmetries in unimanual and bimanual tasks across the lifespan

评估整个生命周期中单手和双手任务中首选手和手动性能不对称的根源

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05890
• 负责人: Bryden, Pamela
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Wilfrid Laurier University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684697
• 关键词: Evaluating; origins; preferred; hand; manual

The preference to perform most unimanual tasks with one hand is an intriguing human characteristic. One notable aspect of hand preference is that certain tasks tend to produce stronger preferences and greater selection of the preferred hand than other tasks. Likewise, the magnitude of the preferred-hand advantage depends heavily on the task examined (McManus, van Horn & Bryden, 2016). One often cited explanation is that the degree of skill required to perform a particular task may drive hand selection, which then allows the preferred hand to become more adept at those highly skilled tasks (Steenhuis & Bryden, 1989). In reviews of our work(46, 6, 31) we have argued that "skilled behaviour" may not adequately explain handedness. Work remains to determine the nature of what each limb/hemisphere system is specialized for with respect to limb selection and performance abilities. The proposed research will elucidate the nature of what each limb/hemisphere system is specialized for with respect to limb selection and performance abilities in both unimanual and bimanual tasks. An emphasis will be placed on understanding the performance abilities of the non-preferred limb and left-handed individuals, both of which have been overlooked in past research. Importantly this work will also examine changes in limb selection and performance abilities across different age groups, from children to seniors. The long-term objective is thus to create a lifespan model of the maturation of motor lateralization that better explains the myriad of contradictory findings in unimanual and bimanual tasks. Short-term objectives will be to examine: a) limb selection in both unimanual and bimanual tasks (Research Theme D1); b) the relative abilities of each hand in unimanual and bimanual tasks (Research Theme D2); and c) maturation in lateral preference and performance in both unimanual and bimanual tasks (Research Theme D3). To further tease apart the nature of what each limb/hemisphere system is specialized for we will explore lateral preference and performance in both unimanual and bimanual tasks in; d) left handers (Research Theme D4); e) individuals with impaired motor planning/execution (e.g. autism spectrum disorder, ADHD) (Research Theme D5). While handedness and lateralization of motor function have been studied in the past, there are large gaps in our understanding of what each limb/hemisphere system is specialized for with respect to limb selection and performance abilities. Unfortunately, many studies include only young adults or only right-handed individuals, thus not capturing the complete picture of lateral preference, selection, and performance abilities. The proposed research will fill several gaps in current theories, inform researchers regarding the metrics of handedness, and be applied to aspects of education, industry, and training.

用一只手来完成大多数非人工任务的偏好是一个有趣的人类特征。手偏好的一个值得注意的方面是，与其他任务相比，某些任务往往会产生更强的偏好和更大的首选手选择。同样，惯用手优势的大小在很大程度上取决于所研究的任务（McManus, van Horn & Bryden, 2016）。一个经常被引用的解释是，执行特定任务所需的技能程度可能会驱动手的选择，这使得首选的手更擅长那些高技能任务（Steenhuis & Bryden, 1989）。在对我们工作的回顾中（46,6,31），我们认为“熟练行为”可能不能充分解释惯用手。在肢体选择和表现能力方面，仍需确定每个肢体/半球系统的特性。所提出的研究将阐明每个肢体/半球系统在肢体选择和单手和双手任务中的表现能力方面的专门性质。重点将放在理解非偏好肢体和左撇子个体的表现能力，这两者在过去的研究中都被忽视了。重要的是，这项工作还将研究不同年龄组（从儿童到老年人）肢体选择和表现能力的变化。因此，长期目标是建立一个运动侧化成熟的生命周期模型，以更好地解释在单手和双手任务中无数相互矛盾的发现。短期目标将是检验：a)单手和双手任务中的肢体选择（研究主题D1）；b)每只手在手工和手工任务中的相对能力（研究主题D2）；c)在单手工和双手工任务中的横向偏好和表现成熟度（研究主题D3）。为了进一步梳理每个肢体/半球系统专门从事的性质，我们将探讨在单手和双手任务中的侧向偏好和表现；d)左撇子（研究主题D4）；e)运动规划/执行能力受损的个体（如自闭症谱系障碍、多动症）（研究主题D5）。虽然过去已经对运动功能的偏手性和偏侧性进行了研究，但我们对每个肢体/半球系统在肢体选择和表现能力方面的专门作用的理解存在很大差距。不幸的是，许多研究只包括年轻人或右撇子个体，因此没有捕捉到横向偏好、选择和表现能力的完整图景。提出的研究将填补当前理论中的一些空白，为研究人员提供有关利手性指标的信息，并应用于教育、工业和培训方面。