Origins of manual preference and performance abilities in children and adults

儿童和成人手动偏好和表现能力的起源

• 批准号: 222855-2011
• 负责人: Bryden, Pamela
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Wilfrid Laurier University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=506274
• 关键词: Origins; manual; preference; performance; abilities

The preference to perform most unimanual tasks with one hand is an intriguing human characteristic. One notable aspect of hand preference is that certain tasks tend to elicit stronger preferences and greater selection of the preferred hand than other tasks. Likewise, the magnitude of the preferred-hand advantage depends heavily on the task examined. However, no consensus has been reached on the reason for the task dependence, and little research has been conducted to examine the developmental course of manual preference and performance abilities. Research conducted in my laboratory has attempted to better understand how the type of task influences manual preference and performance abilities in both children and adults. We have found that there are two main factors that strongly preference and performance abilities: the precision requirements of the task and the object characteristics, or affordance of the object. However, questions remain concerning how the type of task influences manual preference and performance abilities in both children and adults, how attentional resources are allocated during these tasks, and whether movement direction is an important moderating variable. Therefore, building on the previous work conducted in my laboratory, the purpose of the current research proposal is to examine a) the role of precision requirements; b) the role of tool use and object affordances; and c) the role of body-centred movement in hand preference and hand performance in left- and right-handed (LH & RH) children and adults; d) the allocation of attention in bimanual hand performance in LH and RH adults; e) language lateralization and the effects of movement direction on manual asymmetries in LH and RH adults; and f) how task features influence hand preference and performance abilities in special populations. As a great deal of controversy still surrounds the issue of the origins of hand preference and the preferred-hand advantage, and in particular the development of both, closer examination of the determinants of these behaviours will provide insight into the neural specialization of the two hemispheres. This work will ultimately contribute to a developmental theoretical model of handedness and manual performance abilities.

偏好用一只手执行大多数单手任务是一个有趣的人类特征。手部偏好的一个值得注意的方面是，某些任务往往会引起更强的偏好和更大的选择首选的手比其他任务。同样，偏好手优势的大小在很大程度上取决于所研究的任务。然而，目前对任务依赖的原因还没有达成共识，也很少有研究来考察手动偏好和操作能力的发展过程。在我的实验室进行的研究试图更好地了解如何类型的任务影响手动偏好和儿童和成人的表现能力。我们发现，有两个主要因素，强烈的偏好和执行能力：任务的精度要求和对象的特性，或启示的对象。然而，问题仍然是关于如何影响手动偏好和性能能力的儿童和成人的任务类型，如何在这些任务中分配注意力资源，以及运动方向是否是一个重要的调节变量。因此，在我的实验室进行的先前工作的基础上，当前研究提案的目的是检查a）精度要求的作用; B）工具使用和对象启示的作用;和c）以身体为中心的运动在左手和右手（LH & RH）儿童和成人的手部偏好和手部表现中的作用; d）LH和RH成年人双手操作时的注意分配; e）LH和RH成年人的语言偏侧化和运动方向对手动不对称的影响; f）任务特征如何影响特殊人群的手偏好和操作能力。由于大量的争议仍然围绕着手的偏好和preferred-hand优势的起源问题，特别是两者的发展，这些行为的决定因素的更仔细的检查将提供洞察两个半球的神经特化。这项工作将最终有助于利手和手动操作能力的发展理论模型。