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Genomic impact of transition to asexuality in hybrids

杂种向无性转变的基因组影响

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2019-05744
负责人：
DionCôté, AnneMarie
金额：
$ 2.4万
依托单位：
Université de Moncton
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684738
关键词：
Genomic impact transition asexuality hybrids

项目摘要

Genome content and organization are extremely dynamic across animals and deciphering the mechanisms underlying this variation is critical to understand evolution and how biodiversity is generated. Sexual reproduction is one of the most beneficial forces acting on animal genome evolution, but some animals nevertheless reproduce asexually. Asexual organisms do not benefit from the positive impact of sexual reproduction and are thus expected to accumulate deleterious mutations and eventually go extinct. ******My students and I will examine two species of Canadian fish, the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) and the Banded Killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) and their sexually and asexually reproducing hybrids. We will first determine whether their asexual hybrids are temporarilly stable by comparing freshly collected individuals to samples that were collected over two decades ago. We will then examine the genomes of sexual and asexual hybrids to investigate whether and how their genomes differ compared to the mummichog and the Banded Killifish. Finally, we will determine whether asexual hybrids accumulate more deleterious mutations compared to sexually reproducing hybrids and parental species. ******Together, these approaches will help us understand how genomes evolve, how sexual reproduction benefits organisms and why sexual reproduction is so widespread. Ten undergraduate and graduate students as well as one research assistant will be trained over the course of this research program. Publications stemming from our work will help understand how biodiversity is generated and maintained, and benefit the large community of evolutionary biologists that seeks to decipher the mechanisms underlying genome evolution.**

基因组的内容和组织在动物中是非常动态的，破译这种变异的机制对于理解进化和生物多样性是如何产生的至关重要。有性繁殖是动物基因组进化中最有利的力量之一，但有些动物仍然无性繁殖。无性生殖生物不能从有性生殖的积极影响中获益，因此预计会积累有害的突变并最终灭绝。****** 我的学生和我将研究两种加拿大鱼类，mummichog（Fundulus heteroclitus）和带状Killifish（Fundulus diaphanus）以及它们的有性和无性繁殖杂交种。我们将首先通过比较新收集的个体和二十多年前收集的样本来确定它们的无性杂交后代是否暂时稳定。然后，我们将检查有性和无性杂交的基因组，以调查它们的基因组是否以及如何与mummichog和带状鳉鱼相比有所不同。最后，我们将确定无性杂交是否比有性繁殖的杂交种和亲本物种积累更多的有害突变。这些方法将帮助我们了解基因组如何进化，有性生殖如何使生物体受益以及为什么有性生殖如此普遍。10名本科生和研究生以及一名研究助理将在本研究计划的过程中接受培训。我们的工作成果将有助于理解生物多样性是如何产生和维持的，并使寻求破译基因组进化机制的进化生物学家大社区受益。