Protein homeostasis in plant organelles: chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum

植物细胞器中的蛋白质稳态：叶绿体和内质网

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-07060
• 负责人: Zhao, Rongmin
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684950
• 关键词: Protein; homeostasis; plant; organelles; chloroplast

Plants on the earth absorb solar light energy and fix carbon to organic molecules, thus provide most of the energy resource to other species. Chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum are two major plant organelles that perform anabolic reactions in biosynthesis pathways. Understanding functions of these two plant organelles, their protein and enzyme homeostasis, and how their functionalities are coordinated together with plant development at the molecular level is fundamental in plant molecular biology and physiology. My research program and long-term goal is to understand the molecular mechanism of protein quality control systems, with an emphasis on those in plant organelles. In this proposal, we will investigate the molecular mechanism of two HSP90 family heat shock proteins that are located in chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum respectively, and understand how they regulate protein homeostasis and the second messenger calcium signalling. We propose to investigate new roles and mechanism of action of these two organellar HSP90 proteins in facilitating chloroplast maturation, and the biogenesis of example proteins along the cellular secretory pathway. Additionally, we have identified a cohort of interactors for both chloroplast and ER-localized HSP90 proteins, and in-depth analysis of some HSP90 interacting proteins will be another focus of this proposal. We anticipate that our research findings will significantly advance our understanding of the complicated post-translational regulatory mechanism for protein functions, and how plants respond to developmental and environmental cues. Our study will also provide potential targets for breeding researchers to genetically engineer crops for better yield or resistance to environmental stresses.

地球上的植物吸收太阳光能并将碳固定在有机分子上，从而为其他物种提供大部分的能源。叶绿体和内质网是植物生物合成途径中进行合成代谢反应的两种主要细胞器。了解这两种植物细胞器的功能，它们的蛋白质和酶的稳态，以及它们的功能如何在分子水平上与植物发育协调在一起，是植物分子生物学和生理学的基础。我的研究计划和长期目标是了解蛋白质质量控制系统的分子机制，重点是植物细胞器中的分子机制。本论文主要研究两个分别位于叶绿体和内质网的热休克蛋白家族HSP90的分子机制，了解它们如何调节蛋白质稳态和第二信使钙信号。我们建议调查这两个细胞器HSP 90蛋白在促进叶绿体成熟中的新作用和作用机制，以及示例蛋白沿着细胞分泌途径的生物发生。此外，我们已经确定了一个队列的叶绿体和ER定位的HSP 90蛋白的相互作用，深入分析一些HSP 90相互作用蛋白将是本建议的另一个重点。我们预计，我们的研究结果将显着推进我们对蛋白质功能的复杂的翻译后调控机制的理解，以及植物如何对发育和环境线索作出反应。我们的研究还将为育种研究人员提供潜在的目标，以遗传工程作物获得更好的产量或对环境胁迫的抗性。